http://cnx.org/content http://cnx.org/content/col11191/1.1 col11191 Choral Techniques 1.1 2007/12/31 17:30:54.205 US/Central 2010/03/08 16:26:24.163 US/Central Jennifer Thornhill Jennifer Thornhill thornhillj@missouri.edu Gordon Lamb Gordon Lamb glambn@msn.com lambg lambg thornhillj lambg analysis auditions budget chamber choirs choral clinics concerts conducting contests development diction ensembles events festivals interpretation interviews intonation jobs Latin leadership madrigal management music phrasing preparations rapport rehearsal repertoire selection singing technique tours Arts CHORAL TECHNIQUES is appropriate for those who rehearse choral ensembles and present them in concert and those who want to learn about choral singing. It will also include areas of interpretation, score study, analysis, diction, music selection, department leadership and others. This collection is under development for Connexions. When completed, it will represent an update of the CHORAL TECHNIQUES text that has been available for many years. When this collection is completed, all aspects of choral music will be addressed. en Introduction Choral Techniques Foreward Conducting Techniques Conducting Posture and Use of a Baton Use of a Baton Holding the Baton The Preparatory Beat Starting on the First Beat Starting on the Last Beat Starting on Other Beats Starting on Fractions of Beats The Release The Conducting Beat Patterns Conducting Asymmetrical Beat Patterns Practicing the Patterns Conducting Fast Tempos Conducting Divided Beat Patterns Unmetered or Free Rhythms Mixed Meters and Other Conducting Problems The Fermata Use Of The Left Hand In Conducting Tempo Determination Change of Tempo Establishing the Mood Expressive Conducting Performance Conducting Score Study Melodic Considerations Harmonic Considerations Rhythmic Considerations Part Examination Text Considerations Texture of the Choral Piece Applied Score Study Rehearsal Analysis of Indeterminate Music Interpreting Choral Music Interpreting Choral Music The Renassiance Period (1400-1600) The Baroque Period (1600-1750) The Classic Period (1750-1820) The Romantic Period (1820-1900) The Twentieth Century And Early Twenty-First Century Choral Diction: English and Latin Choral Diction-English and Latin English Formation of Vowels A Relaxed Jaw A Relaxed Tongue Proper Space in the Mouth Vowel Modification and Range Considerations Darkening Vowels Consonants Marcato and Legato Diction Special Diction Problems Prefixes Word Seperation and Text Flow Liturgical Pronunciation Choral Tone Choral Tone Abdominal, Diaphragmatic, or Intercostal Breathing Fundamentals of Voice Resonation The Choral Tone The Vibrato and Choral Singing Warm-Ups and Warm-up as a Tune-up Growth in the Choral Tone Selection and Placement of Voices Selection and Placement of Voices Personal Data Card for Auditions The Audition for A Select Ensemble Pitch Retention Test Length of Audition Auditions for the Adult Chorus Auditioning Nonselect Choirs in Schools Categorizing Voices Chorus Seating Arrangements Placing Individual Voices in Choral Ensembles Selection of Repertoire Selecion of Repertoire: Nonmusical Considerations The Choral Director's Unique Role in Education Building a Reference File Overall Characteristics of a Choral Piece Ranges of Each Part The Composer's Craftmanship The Rhythmic Life of the Work The Harmony Will the Piece Withstand Intense Rehearsal? Memorization Arrangements Programming Difficulty Changing a Composition to Fit your Choir The First Rehearsal The First Rehearsal The Rehearsal Room and Selecting an Accompanist Pacing the First Rehearsal Conducting the First Rehearsal Regular Rehearsals Regular Rehearsals Planning for Rehearsals and a Rehearsal Guide Establishing a Rapport and Pacing Daily (Regular) Rehearsals Repetition with Meaning Special Day Rehearsals and Use of Rehearsal Time Introducing a Choral Piece New to the Choir Ensemble Intonation Final Rehearsals and Preparations for the Concert Final Rehearsals and Preparations for the Concert Five Rehearsals Before The Concert Four Rehearsals and Three Rehearsals Before the Concert Two Rehearsals Before the Concert The Final Rehearsal Combining Ensembles for a Concert Adding Instruments to a Choral Concert Concert Checklist Building a Concert Program Building a Concert Program Three-Year Plan of Choral Study Through Rehearsal and Performance Christmas Concert Programs General Concert Programs Concert Points to Consider Special Programs Organizing Small Ensembles Organizing Small Ensembles The Madrigal The Madrigal Dinner The Chamber Choir and the Jazz Choir Clinics, Festivals and Contests Clinics, Festivals and Contests Choral Clinics Choral Festivals Music Contests Contest Preparation Large Ensemble Contest Small Ensemble: Contest Preparation and Music Selection Contest Rehearsal Schedule Last Week of Contest Rehearsals Contest Day Logistical Preparations Contest Solos The Accompanist for Contests Management of a Choral Department Management of a Choral Department Scheduling Choral Ensembles Choral Department Ensembles Choral Department Budget Choral Department Purchases Buying Choral Music Copying Music The Choral Library Concert and Rehearsal Risers Concert Ensemble Apparel Student Choral Officers Choral Department Public Relations Choral Activities Student Teaching and Securing a Position Student Teaching and Securing a Position Cooperating Teacher College or University Student Teaching Supervisor Student Teaching Procedures Selecting and Securing a Position Professional Credentials Job Application Letter Reinforce the Job Application Investigate the Choral Position The Interview Accept or Decline Position Professional Ethics and Teacher Relationships Professional Ethics and Teacher Relationships Teacher-Teacher Relationships Teacher-Student Relationships Teacher-Administrator Relationships Teacher-Community Relationships Professional Organizations Appendix Appendix- Introduction Appendix - Music for Mixed Voices Appendix- Music for Women's Voices Appendix - Music for Men's Voices