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Ideal Filters

Module by: Richard Baraniuk

Summary: Describes five ideal filters.

There are four fundamental filters. They are
  • Lowpass -- blocks high frequencies, allowing low frequencies through
  • Highpass -- blocks low frequencies, allowing high frequencies through
  • Bandpass -- blocks all frequencies except those within a certain range
  • Bandstop -- blocks only the frequencies within a certain range, allowing all others to pass through
idealfilters1.pngidealfilters2.pngidealfilters3.pngidealfilters4.png
Subfigure 1.1: Lowpass
Subfigure 1.2: Highpass
Subfigure 1.3: Bandpass
Subfigure 1.4: Bandstop
Figure 1: Ideal frequency domain representations of the four fundamental filters.
Another term one may come across in the study of filters is an "allpass" filter. This is one that allows all frequencies through. The only meaningful effect an allpass filter can have is on the phase of the signal.

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