Filterbanks with >2 Branches
Thus far the previous discussion on filterbanks has
concentrated on "modern" filterbanks with only two branches.
There are two standard ways by which the number of branches
can be increased.
M-Band Filterbanks
The ideas used to construct two-branch
PR-FIR filterbanks can
be directly extended to the
MM-branch case. (See
Vaidyanathan and
Mitra) This yields, for example, a
polynomial matrix
Hz
H
z
with
MM rows and
MM columns. For these
MM-band filterbanks, the
sub-bands will have uniform widths
2πL
2
L
radians (in the ideal case)
Figure 1.
Multi-Level (Cascade) Filterbanks
The two-branch PR-FIR filterbanks can be cascaded to yield
PR-FIR filterbanks whose sub-band widths equal
2-kπ
2
k
for non-negative integers
kk (in the ideal case). If the
magnitude responses of the filters are not well behaved,
however, the cascading will result in poor effective
frequency-selectivity.
Below we show a filterbank in which the
low-frequency sub-bands are narrower than the high-frequency
sub-band. Note that the number of input samples equals the
total number of sub-band samples.
We shall see these structures in the context of the discrete
wavelet transform.
References-
P.P. Vaidyanathan. (1993). Multirate Systems and Filterbanks. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
-
S.K. Mitra. (2001). Digital Signal Processing. (2nd edition). New York: McGraw-Hill.