To import content into the "index.cnxml" file, use the following steps:

1. Select the format of file you want to import from the drop-down list next to the Import button. The valid formats are: Microsoft Word, OpenOffice Writer, XMLSpy/Authentic, and Plain XML.
2. Click Import. A screen displays with a text box for the pathname of the file you want to import.
3. Type the pathname of the file in the text box or use Browse to display the name of the pathname in the text box.
4. Click Import. The content of the file you specified is copied into the "index.cnxml" file in your module.
   warning: When you click Import in the last step, the contents of the "index.cnxml" file are overwritten by the contents of the imported file.

You can export the "index.cnxml" file so that you can edit it with a software package that is specifically designed to edit XML files. The "index.cnxml" file must be altered to allow the XML editor to read it. And once you have completed your edits, the file must be altered again to remove the changes for editor readability. The Connexions Export and Import functions automatically add and remove the changes for editor readability. Currently, the only XML editor format supported by Connexions is the format used by the Altova xmlspy® editor or the Altova authentic® editor.

To export the "index.cnxml" file to be edited with an XML editor, use the following steps:

1. Select the format of the file you want to export from the drop-down list next to the Export button. The valid formats are: XMLSpy/Authentic, and Plain XML.
2. Click Export. A dialog box displays asking if you want to open the file or save it to a disk.
3. Specify that you want to save the file to a disk.
4. Specify the pathname of where you want to save the file.
5. Launch your XML editor and edit the file.

To import the "index.cnxml" file back into Connexions, use the instructions for Import Content from Outside Connexions mentioned earlier in this module.

The Edit-In-Place editor is the default editor on the "Edit" tab. You can insert new text and media objects into a module or modify the existing contents of a module with this editor. You do not have to be familiar with the CMXML tags to use Edit-In-Place. It inserts the appropriate CNXML tags for you when you insert a new item in the file. In addition, it has a help text feature that describes the CNXML tags for the items you insert or edit with it.

You can edit the content and CNXML tags in the "index.cnxml" file within Connexions with the Full Source editor. This method of editing is recommended for quick changes only. This is a simple text editor and it does not have the advanced functions (for example, spell checking and text searching) that are available with commercially available text editors. To edit the file with the Full Source editor, use the following steps:

1. Click Switch to Editing Full Source on the "Edit" tab. The contents of the "index.cnxml" file are displayed in the Full Source editor mode.

   Figure 7: The "Edit" tab displaying the contents of the "index.cnxml" file in the Full Source editor mode.

2. Scroll down to display the location in the module in which you want to edit.
3. Click in the text window and begin editing.
4. Click Save to save to save your changes.

As you edit the "index.cnxml" file, click Save at any point to save your changes. The page reloads and validates your CNXML markups every time you save your changes. If there are no CNXML tag errors, your markup is valid and "Saved" appears in an information box at the top of the tab. If there are errors in your CNXML markup, they are listed above the file content.

Another method of editing the "index.cnxml" file is with an external text editor that is not specifically designed to be an XML editor. Note that when you view the module on the "Files" tab a small pencil icon appears to the right of the "index.cnxml" filename. Click on this icon to launch an editing session of the "index.cnxml" file in an external text editor. This editing method does the downloading and uploading of the "index.cnxml" file for you, but it is only a text editor. You must manually enter all the CNXML tags. If you are not familiar with CNXML, this method is slow and awkward. It also requires that you or your system administrator set up the external editor as the default editor for files of type .cnxml before you can use it. In addition, you or your system administrator must install the Zope ExternalEditor client in a Windows environment and the Zope EditManager in a Macintosh environment.

Before you add an associated file to a module, please note the following guidelines for files and filenames:

• The size of a file must be smaller than 10 MB.
• The first character in a filename cannot be a digit. For example, a file named "1965mustangphoto.gif" would result in an error. Renaming the file to "photo1965mustang.gif" prevents the error.
• A filename cannot contain an embedded blank space. For example, the file named "eiffel tower.png" would cause an error. Renaming the file to "eiffel_tower.png" or "eiffeltower.png" prevents the error.
• Use only alphanumeric, "." (dot), "-" (hyphen), and "_" (underscore) characters in a filename.
• Multimedia files must have a recognized MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension) type.

To add an image to a module, use the following steps:

1. Click the down arrow in the text box next to Add New Item. A drop-down list of valid item types appears.
2. Select "Image" from the drop-down list and click Add New Item. The "Edit Image" tab displays.
3. Click Browse. The "File Upload" dialog box displays.
4. Locate the appropriate image file and click on its filename.
5. Click Open. The image filename appears in the text box next to Browse.
6. Click Save to upload the image file into Connexions. A confirmation message and a preview of the image display.

To add a file to a module, use the following steps:

1. Click the down arrow in the text box next to Add New Item. A drop-down list of valid item types appears.
2. Select "File" from the drop-down list and click Add New Item. The "Edit File" tab displays.
3. Click Browse. The "File Upload" dialog box displays.
4. Locate the appropriate file and click on its filename.
5. Click Open. The filename appears in the text box next to Browse.
6. Click Save to upload the file into Connexions. A confirmation message and information about the file display.

To add a CNXML document to a module, use the following steps:

1. Click the down arrow in the text box next to Add New Item. A drop-down list of valid item types appears.
2. Select "CNXML Document" from the drop-down list and click Add New Item. The "Edit CNXML File" tab displays.
3. Enter the contents for the CNXML file by either typing the text into the "Edit Directly" box, uploading a file, or importing a file.
4. Click Save. A confirmation message and information about the CNXML file display.

You can rename, cut, copy, or remove any item that you add to a module. These operations are done at the module level in the same way as they are done at the work area level. See Removing Items from a Work Area, Renaming Items in a Work Area, and Cutting or Copying Items in a Work Area, for a description of how to do these operations in work areas.

To grant one or more roles in a module to a Connexions account holder outside of the current workgroup, use the following steps:

1. Click the "Roles" tab to display it.
2. Type the first or last name of the person you want to grant a role to in the text box next to Search.
3. Click Search. The Connexions accounts are searched and any Connexions accounts that match the search string are displayed.
4. Select the check boxes for the appropriate roles next to the name of the person you want to add and click Add People. The name of the new collaborator appears with the names of authors, maintainers, and copyright holders under the "Current Roles" heading and in the table under the "Change Roles" heading. In both places, the new collaborator is noted as a role change that is pending acceptance.
5. Look at the table under the "Change Roles" heading and verify that the check boxes in the "Author", "Maintainer", or "Copyright Holder" columns are checked for the roles you want to grant to the new collaborator. If necessary, you can click the check boxes to change which roles will be granted.
6. Click Submit Changes. The next time the new collaborator logs into Connexions, he or she will be notified of a pending role request. Connexions will not apply the roles to the new collaborator until he or she accepts the role request.

To grant one or more roles in a module to a member of your current workgroup, use the following steps:

1. Click the "Roles" tab to display it.
2. Click the "Select from members of your current workgroup" link. A table that lists all the members of the current workgroup appears under the link.
3. Locate the name of the person or persons in the table that you want to grant roles to and click the check boxes in the Authors, Maintainers, and Copyright Holders columns to select the roles for that person.
4. Click Add People. The name of the newly added collaborator appears with the names of authors, maintainers, and copyright holders under the "Current Roles" heading and in the table under the "Change Roles" heading. In both places, the new collaborator is noted as a role change that is pending acceptance.

A notification of a pending role request will display to the collaborator upon his or her next login to Connexions. Connexions will not apply the roles to the new collaborator until he or she accepts the role request.

To change the order in which the authors' names will appear on the module, use the following steps:

1. Click the "Roles" tab to display it.
2. Verify that all users who should have an author role on the module are listed in the "Change Roles" table. Select or deselect the check boxes in the "Adjust Roles" columns to make any necessary additions or changes to the module roles.
3. Click Submit Changes to save the role changes. The next step will erase any role changes that you have not saved with the Submit Changes button.
4. Click the up or down arrows in the "Order" column to move an author up or down in the order of appearance in the module. The single arrows move the name up or down one place. The double arrows move the name to the top or bottom of the list.

To have an author's name appear first in the module, his or her name must be at the top of the "Change Roles" table. The second name from the top of the table will appear as the second name in the list of authors, and so on.

To change the roles in a module that were previously granted to a user, use the following steps:

1. Click the "Roles" tab to display it.
2. Locate the name of the person or persons in the "Change Roles" table of which you want to change roles.
3. Click on a check box that contains a check mark to remove the check mark and to remove that role from the person. Click on an empty check box to make a check mark appear and to grant that role to the person.
4. Click Submit Changes. The "Change Roles" table is updated to show the role changes and to note the role changes that are pending acceptance.

A notification of a pending role change request will display to the collaborator upon his or her next login to Connexions. Connexions will not apply the roles to the new collaborator until he or she accepts the role request.

To remove a collaborator from a module, use the following steps:

1. Click the "Roles" tab to display it.
2. Locate the name of the person or persons in the "Change Roles" table of which you want to remove.
3. Click on the check box in the "Remove User" column for the collaborator you want to remove.
4. Click Submit Changes. The "Change Roles" table is updated with the removed collaborator not appearing on the list of users with roles.

A notification of a pending role request will display to the collaborator upon his or her next login to Connexions. Connexions will not remove the collaborator until he or she accepts the role removal request.

If another Connexions author grants you a role on their module or course as an author, maintainer, and/or copyright holder, an entry appears under the 'Requests Awaiting Your Approval' section of the "Collaboration Requests" screen. To accept the request select the check box in the table for the request you wish to accept and click Accept.

To reject the request, select the check box in the table for the request you wish to reject, and click Reject.

If you have requested that someone be added to one of your modules or courses as an author, maintainer, and/or copyright holder, an entry appears under the "Requests You Have Made" section of the "Collaboration Requests" screen until the other author acts on it. You can cancel pending requests from here.

Any requests you have made that were accepted or rejected are listed in the "Requests You Have Made -- Completed" section of the "Collaboration Requests" screen. When you no longer need to keep the record, you can delete it.

To add a new link to a module, use the following steps:

1. Type the label for the link in the "Link Name" field (required).
2. Identify the target of the link by typing in a module ID in the "Module ID" field or typing a URL in the "Link URL" field. You can optionally specify a version if you entered a module ID.
3. Click on the down arrow next to the "Link Type" field and select the type of link from the drop-down list.
4. Click on the down arrow next to the "Link Strength" field and select a number from the drop-down list for the strength of the link. 5 is the strongest link.
5. Click Add to add the link.

If the module already contains links, they will appear in the top half of the screen. To edit an existing link, use the following steps:

1. Update the contents of the "Name" field to change the label of the link.
2. Update the contents of the "URL" field to change the URL of the link.
3. Click on the down arrow next to the "Link Type" field and select another type of link from the drop-down list.
4. Click on the down arrow next to the "Link Strength" field and select another number from the drop-down list for the strength of the link. 5 is the strongest link.
5. Click Update Links to make your changes.

To delete an existing link, select the checkbox in the "Delete" column in the list of existing links. Then click Update Links to delete the link.

To view a module on-line, use the following steps:

1. Click on the "Preview" tab. The "Preview" screen displays.
2. Click the Online Preview link. This displays an on-line version of the module that is similar to the on-line display of the published module. The difference between the preview and the published versions is that the preview does not contain the links and tabs at the beginning and the links at the end of the module. Review the module content and verify that it appears as you intended it to display.
3. Use your browser's "Back" function to return to the "Preview" screen.

The print version of a module is formatted differently than the on-line version. This difference is necessary because of the differences in the on-line and printed media. To view a print version of the module, use the following steps:

1. Click on the "Preview" tab. The "Preview" screen displays.
2. Click the Print Preview link. An "Opening index.pdf" dialog box appears.
3. Verify that the option to open the file with a PDF viewing application is selected and click OK. The print version of the module displays.
4. Review the module display and verify that text and figures display as you intended them to display.
5. You can print this PDF file using your PDF viewer's file/print option.
6. Close the PDF viewing application.

When editing an existing module, you can view a summary of the differences between the last published version of the module and the version you are currently editing. Click the Changes link to view the change summary. This option is useful when you checked out a module some time ago and do not remember what changes you made to it.

The "Change To" summary lists changes to the module, including role assignments and the names of any files that were changed, files that were added, and files that were removed. Click on a file name to display a brief description of the changes.

Occasionally it may be convenient to view the markup source for a module. To view the source of the module, click the Source link under the "View" heading in the "Module Status" sidebar. The most recent markup source that has been saved displays.