Skip to content Skip to navigation Skip to collection information

Connexions

You are here: Home » Content » Connexions Tutorial and Reference » CNXML Reference Extensions

Navigation

Lenses

What is a lens?

Definition of a lens

Lenses

A lens is a custom view of the content in the repository. You can think of it as a fancy kind of list that will let you see content through the eyes of organizations and people you trust.

What is in a lens?

Lens makers point to materials (modules and collections), creating a guide that includes their own comments and descriptive tags about the content.

Who can create a lens?

Any individual member, a community, or a respected organization.

What are tags? tag icon

Tags are descriptors added by lens makers to help label content, attaching a vocabulary that is meaningful in the context of the lens.

This content is ...

Affiliated with (What does "Affiliated with" mean?)

This content is either by members of the organizations listed or about topics related to the organizations listed. Click each link to see a list of all content affiliated with the organization.
  • CNX Documentation display tagshide tags

    This collection is included inLens: Connexions Documentation
    By: Connexions

    Comments:

    "The canonical how-to guide to using Connexions."

    Click the "CNX Documentation" link to see all content affiliated with them.

    Click the tag icon tag icon to display tags associated with this content.

Also in these lenses

  • OER/LOR Connexions T display tagshide tags

    This collection is included inLens: OER/LOR Connexions Training
    By: Connexions

    Comments:

    "This collection has the basic training for authoring modules (chapters/sections) and collections (textbooks/courses etc)."

    Click the "OER/LOR Connexions T" link to see all content selected in this lens.

    Click the tag icon tag icon to display tags associated with this content.

Recently Viewed

This feature requires Javascript to be enabled.

Tags

(What is a tag?)

These tags come from the endorsement, affiliation, and other lenses that include this content.
 

CNXML Reference Extensions

Module by: Adan Galvan. E-mail the authorEdited By: Connexions

Summary: A module describing the use of bibtexml with cnxml, as well as as introduction to the glossary tag.

Introduction

As an author/editor, you will often times need a way to include additional information in a document that does not actually appear in the flow of text. This information may include a glossary, and bibliographic references. There are many ways to include this type of information, but for our purposes, we have chosen to create a new CNXML tag named glossary, and have chosen to use an xml language called bibteXML for references. The two are described below. I have also included the glossary and bibteXML file examples in the source of this document. Scroll to the bottom of the page to see how these examples would be rendered.

BibteXML

"BibteXML is a bibliography DTD for XML that expresses the content model of BibTeX, the bibliographic system for use with LaTeX. It provides conversion tools for tagging your bibliographic data in XML, or export it to HTML or native BibTeX syntax, saving typing time." [source]
In plain language, this means that bibtexml is an XML version of the popular and widely accepted latex extension bibtex. One can markup references in their document using semantic tags such as author and editor. More info will be provided below.

The 'Glossary' Tag

Often in textbooks there will be a list of definitions included at the end of the book. In the same way, the glossary tag will contain a list of definitions that will be included at the end of a module. One can link to these definitions using the term tag (see Example 2).

Including a Glossary

It is very easy to include a glossary in your CNXML document. In the Basic CNXML Tutorial it is stated that the structure usually resembles the following:

Document

  • name
  • metadata(optional)
  • content
When one wishes to add a glossary the structure will change to match the following:

Document

  • name
  • metadata(optional)
  • content
  • glossary
Inside of the glossary tag one can add as many definitions as one wishes. For more information on the definition tag, see the CNXML 0.5 specification.

Example 1: Glossary Example

Following is an example of the code necessary to add a glossary with one definition. 


<glossary>
  <definition id='quardef'>
    <term>quarter</term>
    <meaning><name>Meaning Name</name>One fourth of something.</meaning>
    <example id='def'>
      <para id='par'>
	"He cut the pie into quarters and gave all four people a
	piece."
      </para>
    </example>
    <meaning>25 cents, a quarter of a dollar.</meaning>
    <example id='def2'>
      <para id='par2'>
	"The drink cost a quarter."
      </para>
    </example>
    <example id='def3'>
      <para id='par3'>
	"She picked up a roll of quarters so that she could do
	laundry."
      </para>
    </example>
  </definition>
</glossary>

Example 2: Linking to Definitions in a Glossary

Often, one will need to refer to a definition in the glossary. To do this, one can use the term tag. By putting the target-id attribute in the term tag, one can link to a definition. Simply set the value of the target-id attribute to the id of the definition in the glossary, and that term will automatically become a link to the definition in the glossary. Shown below is an example of the term tag being used to link to the definition in the definition example: 


	    <term target-id='quardef'>quarter</term>

Including BibteXML

It is very easy to include a bibteXML reference section in your CNXML document. In the Basic CNXML Tutorial it is stated that the structure usually resembles the following:

Document

  • name
  • metadata(optional)
  • content
When one wishes to add a bibteXML reference section the structure will change to match the following:

Document

  • name
  • metadata(optional)
  • content
  • glossary
  • file

Note:

It is possible to include either a glossary or a bibteXML file or both. The only restriction is that if you include both the glossary must precede the bibteXML file.
The file tag is the root tag of the bibteXML language. Inside of the file tag one will add other tags that correspond to the different type of bibliographical references. An example of a bibliography is given below:

Example 3: BibteXML Example


<bib:file>
  <bib:entry id="esbensen">
    <bib:book>
      <bib:author>Kim Esbensen; Tonje Midtgaard; Suzanne Schonkopf</bib:author>
      <bib:title>Multivariate Analysis in Practice</bib:title>
      <bib:publisher>Camo AS</bib:publisher>
      <bib:year>1994</bib:year>
      <bib:address>Trondheim</bib:address>
    </bib:book>
  </bib:entry>

  <bib:entry id="martens.nes">
    <bib:book>
      <bib:author>Harald Martens; Tormod Nas</bib:author>
      <bib:title>Multivariate Calibration</bib:title>
      <bib:publisher>John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd.</bib:publisher>
      <bib:year>1989</bib:year>
      <bib:address>Chichester</bib:address>
    </bib:book>
  </bib:entry>
</bib:file>

Note:

Each tag in the example code begins with a namespace prefix. In the case of bibteXML, the prefix is bib:.

Example 4: Linking to Bibliography

You will want to refer to an entry in the bibliography. To do this, one can use the cite tag. By putting the target-id attribute in the cite tag, one can link to a bibliographic entry. Simply set the value of the target-id attribute to the id of the bib:entry, and that reference will automatically become a link to the bibliographic entry. Shown below is an example of the cite tag being used to link to the bibliography in Example 3: 


	    <cite target-id='esbensen'>Multivariate Analysis in Practice</cite>

BibteXML Tags

By looking at Example 3 one can see the types of tags that are available for use in bibteXML. Below I will attempt to give a brief explanation on the use of some of the bibteXML tags. For more information and the complete specification please see BibteXML Homepage.

File

The file tag is the root tag of the bibteXML language. It denotes the beginning of the bibliography.

Children

The file tag must contain one or more entry tags.

Entry

The entry tag denotes the beginning of an individual bibliographical reference.

Children

The entry must contain one of the following containers:

  • article
  • book
  • booklet
  • manual
  • techreport
  • mastersthesis
  • phdthesis
  • inbook
  • incollection
  • proceedings
  • inproceedings
  • conference
  • unpublished
  • misc

Containers

Each of the possible children of entry (article, book, booklet, etc.) are containers for metadata on that specific type of entry.

Children

Every container tag must contain a different combination of bibteXML metadata tags. For more information on exactly which children a specific container may possess, please see the BibteXMLHomepage.

BibteXML Metadata Tags

Every child listed as a possible child of entry can contain metadata tags. These metadata tags are now listed.

Metadata Tag List
  • address
  • author
  • booktitle
  • chapter
  • edition
  • editor
  • howpublished
  • institution
  • journal
  • month
  • note
  • number
  • organization
  • pages
  • publisher
  • school
  • series
  • title
  • type
  • volume
  • year

Children

Every metadata tag can contain unicode text.

Glossary

quarter:
1. Meaning Name: One fourth of something.

Example:

"He cut the pie into quarters and gave all four people a piece."

2. 25 cents, a quarter of a dollar.

Example:

"The drink cost a quarter."

Example:

"She picked up a roll of quarters so that she could do laundry."

References

  1. Kim Esbensen; Tonje Midtgaard; Suzanne Schonkopf. (1994). Multivariate Analysis in Practice. Trondheim: Camo AS.
  2. Harald Martens; Tormod Nas. (1989). Multivariate Calibration. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Collection Navigation

Content actions

Download module as:

PDF | More downloads ...

Add:

Collection to:

My Favorites (?)

'My Favorites' is a special kind of lens which you can use to bookmark modules and collections. 'My Favorites' can only be seen by you, and collections saved in 'My Favorites' can remember the last module you were on. You need an account to use 'My Favorites'.

| A lens I own (?)

Definition of a lens

Lenses

A lens is a custom view of the content in the repository. You can think of it as a fancy kind of list that will let you see content through the eyes of organizations and people you trust.

What is in a lens?

Lens makers point to materials (modules and collections), creating a guide that includes their own comments and descriptive tags about the content.

Who can create a lens?

Any individual member, a community, or a respected organization.

What are tags? tag icon

Tags are descriptors added by lens makers to help label content, attaching a vocabulary that is meaningful in the context of the lens.

| External bookmarks

Module to:

My Favorites (?)

'My Favorites' is a special kind of lens which you can use to bookmark modules and collections. 'My Favorites' can only be seen by you, and collections saved in 'My Favorites' can remember the last module you were on. You need an account to use 'My Favorites'.

| A lens I own (?)

Definition of a lens

Lenses

A lens is a custom view of the content in the repository. You can think of it as a fancy kind of list that will let you see content through the eyes of organizations and people you trust.

What is in a lens?

Lens makers point to materials (modules and collections), creating a guide that includes their own comments and descriptive tags about the content.

Who can create a lens?

Any individual member, a community, or a respected organization.

What are tags? tag icon

Tags are descriptors added by lens makers to help label content, attaching a vocabulary that is meaningful in the context of the lens.

| External bookmarks