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Glossary

Module by: Lukasz Wita

Summary: Glossary of terms used in the course

Alphabet

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P R Q S T U W X Y Z

Glossary

A:
aaa
b:
bla bla
Cytoplasm:
All the contents of a cell, including the plasma membrane, but not including the nucleus. (from UCMP Glossary)
DNA :
The chemical inside the nucleus of a cell that carries the genetic instructions for making living organisms. (from National Human Genome Research Institute)
e:
e
f:
f
g:
g
h:
h
i:
i
j:
j
k:
k
l:
l
mRNA:
Template for protein synthesis. Each set of three bases, called codons, specifies a certain protein in the sequence of amino acids that comprise the protein. The sequence of a strand of mRNA is based on the sequence of a complementary strand of DNA. (from National Human Genome Research Institute)
Nucleus:
The central cell structure that houses the chromosomes. (from National Human Genome Research Institute)
o:
o
Protein:
A large complex molecule made up of one or more chains of amino acids. Proteins perform a wide variety of activities in the cell. (from National Human Genome Research Institute)
Ribosome:
Cellular organelle that is the site of protein synthesis (from National Human Genome Research Institute)
RNA:
A chemical similar to a single strand of DNA. In RNA, the letter U, which stands for uracil, is substituted for T in the genetic code. RNA delivers DNA's genetic message to the cytoplasm of a cell where proteins are made. (from National Human Genome Research Institute)
s:
s
Transcription:
the organic process whereby the DNA sequence in a gene is copied into mRNA; the process whereby a base sequence of messenger RNA is synthesized on a template of complementary DNA (from WordNet)
Translation:
the process whereby genetic information coded in messenger RNA directs the formation of a specific protein at a ribosome in the cytoplasm. (from WordNet)
u:
u
w:
w
x:
x
y:
y
z:
z

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