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Programming in MATLAB-Logical Expressions

Module by: Darryl Morrell. E-mail the author

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Summary: This is a brief tutorial on the logical expressions used in if statements and while loops in MATLAB.

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Logical Expressions

Logical expressions are used in if statements, switch case statements, and while loops to change the sequence of execution of MATLAB commands in response to variable values. A logical expression is one that evaluates to either true or false. For example, v > 0 is a logical expression that will be true if the variable v is greater than zero and false otherwise.

Note:

In MATLAB, logical values (true and false) are actually represented by numerical values. The numerical value of zero represents false, and any nonzero numerical value represents true.

Logical expression are typically formed using the following relational operators:

Table 1: Relational Operators
Symbol Relation
< Less than
<= Less than or equal to
> Greater than
>= Greater than or equal to
== Equal to
~= Not equal to

Note:

== is not the same as =; MATLAB's treats them very differently. == compares two values, while = assigns a value to a variable.

Complex logical expressions can be created by combining simpler logical expressions using the following logical operators:

Table 2: Logical Operators
Symbol Relation
~ Not
&& And
|| Or

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