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<document xmlns="http://cnx.rice.edu/cnxml" xmlns:md="http://cnx.rice.edu/mdml/0.4" xmlns:bib="http://bibtexml.sf.net/" xmlns:m="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:q="http://cnx.rice.edu/qml/1.0" id="id40817960">
<name>Using Interval Notation</name>
<metadata>
  <md:version>1.2</md:version>
  <md:created>2006/01/09 16:18:35 US/Central</md:created>
  <md:revised>2006/05/01 14:26:13.289 GMT-5</md:revised>
  <md:authorlist>
      <md:author id="pradnyab89">
      <md:firstname>Pradnya</md:firstname>
      <md:othername>Vinay</md:othername>
      <md:surname>Bhawalkar</md:surname>
      <md:email>pradnyab89@gmail.com</md:email>
    </md:author>
      <md:author id="kjohnston">
      <md:firstname>Kim</md:firstname>
      <md:othername>Dodge</md:othername>
      <md:surname>Johnston</md:surname>
      <md:email>kim.johnston@fortbend.k12.tx.us</md:email>
    </md:author>
  </md:authorlist>

  <md:maintainerlist>
    <md:maintainer id="pradnyab89">
      <md:firstname>Pradnya</md:firstname>
      <md:othername>Vinay</md:othername>
      <md:surname>Bhawalkar</md:surname>
      <md:email>pradnyab89@gmail.com</md:email>
    </md:maintainer>
  </md:maintainerlist>
  
  <md:keywordlist>
    <md:keyword>Closed interval</md:keyword>
    <md:keyword>Interval Notation</md:keyword>
    <md:keyword>Open interval</md:keyword>
  </md:keywordlist>

  <md:abstract>An introductory explanation on how to use interval notation (versus set notation)</md:abstract>
</metadata>
<content>

<para id="id48768002">Interval notation is another method for
writing domain and range.</para>
<para id="id34474352">In set builder notation braces (curly parentheses {} ) and variables are used to express the domain and range. Interval notation is often considered more efficient.</para>
<para id="id34240787">In interval notation, there are only 5 symbols to know:</para><list type="bulleted" id="element-691"><item>Open parentheses ( )</item>
	<item>Closed parentheses [ ]</item>
	<item>Infinity <m:math><m:apply>
				<m:infinity/></m:apply></m:math>
	</item>
	<item>Negative Infinity <m:math><m:apply><m:minus/><m:infinity/></m:apply></m:math>
	</item>
<item>Union Sign
<m:math><m:apply><m:union/></m:apply></m:math>
</item>
</list><para id="element-617">To use interval notation:</para><para id="element-82">Use the open parentheses ( ) if the value is not included in the graph. (i.e. the graph is undefined at that point... there's a hole or asymptote, or a jump)</para><para id="element-972">If the graph goes on forever to the left, the domain will start with ( <m:math><m:apply><m:minus/><m:infinity/></m:apply></m:math>. If the graph travels downward forever, the range will start with ( <m:math><m:apply><m:minus/><m:infinity/></m:apply></m:math>. 
Similarly, if the graph goes on forever at the right or up, end with <m:math><m:apply><m:infinity/></m:apply></m:math>)</para><para id="element-776"> Use the brackets [ ] if the value is part of the graph. </para><para id="element-810">Whenever there is a break in the graph, write the interval up to the point. Then write another interval for the section of the graph after that part. Put a union sign between each interval to "join" them together.</para><para id="element-197"> Now for some practice so you can see if any of this makes sense. </para><para id="element-625">Write the following using interval notation:</para><exercise id="element-688"><problem>
<figure id="element-31"><media type="image/png" src="1_1.png"/></figure></problem>

<solution>
<para id="element-509"><m:math>
	<m:interval closure="closed-open">
	<m:cn>0</m:cn>
	<m:apply><m:infinity/></m:apply>
	</m:interval>
</m:math></para>
</solution></exercise><exercise id="element-916"><problem>
		<figure id="element-358"><media type="image/png" src="1_2.png"/></figure>
	</problem>

	<solution>
		<para id="element-440"><m:math>
	<m:apply><m:union/>
		<m:interval closure="open-closed">
			<m:apply><m:minus/><m:infinity/></m:apply>
			<m:apply><m:minus/><m:cn>2</m:cn></m:apply>
		</m:interval>
		<m:interval closure="open">
			<m:cn>1</m:cn>
			<m:apply><m:infinity/></m:apply>	
		</m:interval>
	</m:apply>
</m:math></para>
	</solution>
</exercise><exercise id="element-606"><problem>
		<figure id="element-246"><media type="image/png" src="1_3.png"/></figure>
	</problem>

	<solution>
		<para id="element-386"><m:math>
<m:interval closure="open-closed">
<m:apply><m:minus/><m:cn>5</m:cn></m:apply>
<m:cn>2</m:cn>
</m:interval>
</m:math></para>
	</solution>
</exercise><exercise id="element-126"><problem>
		<figure id="element-485"><media type="image/png" src="1_4.png"/></figure>
	</problem>

	<solution>
		<para id="element-742"><m:math>
	<m:apply><m:union/>
		<m:interval closure="open-closed">
			<m:apply><m:minus/><m:infinity/></m:apply>
			<m:apply><m:minus/><m:cn>2</m:cn></m:apply>
		</m:interval>
		<m:interval closure="open">
			<m:cn>0</m:cn>
			<m:cn>2</m:cn>	
		</m:interval>
		<m:interval closure="open">
			<m:cn>4</m:cn>
			<m:apply><m:infinity/></m:apply>	
		</m:interval>
	</m:apply>
</m:math></para>
	</solution>
</exercise><exercise id="element-664"><problem>
		<figure id="element-478"><media type="image/png" src="1_5.png"/></figure>
	</problem>

	<solution>
		<para id="element-203"><m:math>
<m:apply><m:union/>
	<m:list><m:apply><m:minus/><m:cn>1</m:cn></m:apply></m:list>
	<m:interval closure="closed-open">
		<m:cn>3</m:cn>
		<m:apply><m:infinity/></m:apply>
	</m:interval>
</m:apply>
</m:math>
		</para>
	</solution>
</exercise><exercise id="element-416"><problem>
		<figure id="element-854"><media type="image/png" src="1_6.png"/></figure>
	</problem>

	<solution>
		<para id="element-101"><m:math>
	<m:interval closure="open-closed">
		<m:apply><m:minus/><m:infinity/></m:apply>
		<m:cn>3</m:cn>
	</m:interval>
</m:math></para>
	</solution>
</exercise><para id="element-263">Write the domain and range of the following in interval notation:</para><exercise id="element-332"><problem>
		<figure id="element-446"><media type="image/png" src="1_7.png"/></figure>
	</problem>

	<solution>
		<para id="element-847">Domain: <m:math>
<m:apply><m:union/>
	<m:list>
		<m:apply><m:minus/><m:cn>2</m:cn></m:apply>
	</m:list>
	<m:list>
		<m:cn>0</m:cn>
	</m:list>
	<m:list>
		<m:cn>2</m:cn>
	</m:list>
	<m:list>
		<m:cn>3</m:cn>
	</m:list>
</m:apply>
</m:math></para>
<para id="element-995">Range: <m:math>
<m:apply><m:union/>
	<m:list>
		<m:apply><m:minus/><m:cn>1</m:cn></m:apply>
	</m:list>
	<m:list>
		<m:cn>1</m:cn>
	</m:list>
	<m:list>
		<m:cn>2</m:cn>
	</m:list>
	<m:list>
		<m:cn>3</m:cn>
	</m:list>
</m:apply>
</m:math></para>
	</solution>
</exercise><exercise id="element-793"><problem>
		<figure id="element-345"><media type="image/png" src="1_8.png"/></figure>
	</problem>

	<solution>
		<para id="element-624">Domain: <m:math>
<m:interval closure="open">
	<m:apply><m:minus/><m:infinity/></m:apply>
	<m:apply><m:infinity/></m:apply>
</m:interval>
</m:math></para>
<para id="element-703">Range: <m:math>
<m:apply><m:union/>
	<m:interval closure="open-closed">
		<m:apply><m:infinity/></m:apply>
		<m:cn>1</m:cn>
	</m:interval>
	<m:list>
	<m:cn>4</m:cn>
	</m:list>
</m:apply>
</m:math></para>
	</solution>
</exercise><exercise id="element-812"><problem>
		<figure id="element-252"><media type="image/png" src="1_9.png"/>
		</figure>
	</problem>

	<solution>
		<para id="element-248">Domain: <m:math>
<m:interval closure="open">
	<m:apply><m:minus/><m:infinity/></m:apply>
	<m:apply><m:infinity/></m:apply>
</m:interval>
</m:math>
		</para>
<para id="element-44">Range: <m:math>
<m:interval closure="open">
	<m:apply><m:minus/><m:infinity/></m:apply>
	<m:apply><m:infinity/></m:apply>
</m:interval>
</m:math></para>
	</solution>
</exercise><exercise id="element-517"><problem>
		<figure id="element-127">
			<media type="image/png" src="1_10.png"/>
		</figure>
	</problem>

	<solution>
		<para id="element-299">Domain: <m:math>
<m:interval closure="open">
	<m:apply><m:minus/><m:infinity/></m:apply>
	<m:apply><m:infinity/></m:apply>
</m:interval>
</m:math></para>
<para id="element-455">Range: <m:math>
<m:apply><m:union/>
	<m:list>
	<m:cn>1</m:cn>
	</m:list>
	<m:list>
	<m:cn>3</m:cn>
	</m:list>
</m:apply>
</m:math></para>
	</solution>
</exercise><exercise id="element-106"><problem>
		<figure id="element-107">
			<media type="image/png" src="1_11.png"/>
		</figure>
	</problem>

	<solution>
		<para id="element-78">Domain: <m:math>
<m:interval closure="open">
	<m:apply><m:minus/><m:infinity/></m:apply>
	<m:apply><m:infinity/></m:apply>
</m:interval>
</m:math>
		</para>
<para id="element-270">Range: <m:math>
<m:interval closure="closed">
	<m:apply><m:minus/><m:cn>2</m:cn></m:apply>
	<m:cn>3</m:cn>
</m:interval>
</m:math></para>
	</solution>
</exercise><exercise id="element-570"><problem>
		<figure id="element-883">
			<media type="image/png" src="1_12.png"/>
		</figure>
	</problem>

	<solution>
		<para id="element-706">Domain: <m:math>
<m:interval closure="open">
	<m:apply><m:minus/><m:infinity/></m:apply>
	<m:apply><m:infinity/></m:apply>
</m:interval>
</m:math></para>
<para id="element-114">Range: <m:math>
<m:apply><m:union/>
	<m:list>
	<m:cn>1</m:cn>
	</m:list>
	<m:list>
	<m:cn>3</m:cn>
	</m:list>
</m:apply>
</m:math></para>
	</solution>
</exercise><exercise id="element-348"><problem>
		<figure id="element-716">
			<media type="image/png" src="1_13.png"/>
		</figure>
	</problem>

	<solution>
		<para id="element-905">Domain: <m:math>
<m:interval closure="closed">
	<m:apply><m:minus/><m:cn>4</m:cn></m:apply>
	<m:cn>0</m:cn>
</m:interval>
</m:math>
		</para>
<para id="element-259">Range: <m:math>
<m:interval closure="closed">
	<m:cn>0</m:cn>
	<m:cn>4</m:cn>
</m:interval>
</m:math></para>
	</solution>
</exercise><exercise id="element-442"><problem>
		<figure id="element-620">
			<media type="image/png" src="1_14.png"/>
		</figure>
	</problem>

	<solution>
		<para id="element-323">Domain: <m:math>
<m:interval closure="open">
	<m:apply><m:minus/><m:infinity/></m:apply>
	<m:apply><m:infinity/></m:apply>
</m:interval>
</m:math>
		</para>
<para id="element-699">Range: <m:math><m:interval closure="open-closed">
		<m:apply><m:minus/><m:infinity/></m:apply>
		<m:cn>4</m:cn>
	</m:interval></m:math></para>
	</solution>
</exercise><exercise id="element-613"><problem>
		<figure id="element-38">
			<media type="image/png" src="1_15.png"/>
		</figure>
	</problem>

	<solution>
		<para id="element-461">Domain: <m:math>
<m:interval closure="open">
	<m:apply><m:minus/><m:infinity/></m:apply>
	<m:apply><m:infinity/></m:apply>
</m:interval>
</m:math>
		</para>
<para id="element-928">Range: <m:math> <m:interval closure="closed-open">
			<m:cn>0</m:cn>
			<m:apply><m:infinity/></m:apply>
			
	</m:interval> </m:math></para>
	</solution>
</exercise><exercise id="element-359"><problem>
		<figure id="element-900">
			<media type="image/png" src="1_16.png"/>
		</figure>
	</problem>

	<solution>
		<para id="element-30">Domain: <m:math> <m:interval closure="closed-open">
			<m:cn>0</m:cn>
			<m:apply><m:infinity/></m:apply>
			
	</m:interval> </m:math>
		</para>
<para id="element-586">Range: <m:math>
<m:interval closure="open">
	<m:apply><m:minus/><m:infinity/></m:apply>
	<m:apply><m:infinity/></m:apply>
</m:interval>
</m:math></para>
	</solution>
</exercise><exercise id="element-245"><problem>
		<figure id="element-4">
			<media type="image/png" src="1_17.png"/>
		</figure>
	</problem>

	<solution>
		<para id="element-357">Domain: <m:math>
<m:apply><m:union/>
	<m:list>
		<m:apply><m:minus/><m:cn>3</m:cn></m:apply>
	</m:list>
	<m:list>
		<m:apply><m:minus/><m:cn>2</m:cn></m:apply>
	</m:list>
	<m:interval closure="closed-open">
		<m:apply><m:minus/><m:cn>1</m:cn></m:apply>
		<m:apply><m:infinity/></m:apply>
	</m:interval>
</m:apply>
</m:math>
		</para>
<para id="element-257">Range: <m:math>
<m:apply><m:union/>
	<m:list>
		<m:cn>0</m:cn>
	</m:list>
	<m:list>
		<m:cn>1</m:cn>
	</m:list>
	<m:list>
		<m:cn>2</m:cn>
	</m:list>
</m:apply>
</m:math></para>
	</solution>
</exercise><exercise id="element-244"><problem>
		<figure id="element-300">
			<media type="image/png" src="1_18.png"/>
		</figure>
	</problem>

	<solution>
		<para id="element-895">Domain: <m:math>
<m:interval closure="open">
	<m:apply><m:minus/><m:infinity/></m:apply>
	<m:apply><m:infinity/></m:apply>
</m:interval>
</m:math>
		</para>
<para id="element-112">Range: <m:math>
<m:list>
<m:cn>4</m:cn>
</m:list>
</m:math></para>
	</solution>
</exercise><exercise id="element-198"><problem>
		<figure id="element-477">
			<media type="image/png" src="1_19.png"/>
		</figure>
	</problem>

	<solution>
		<para id="element-221">Domain: <m:math>
<m:interval closure="closed-open">
	<m:apply><m:minus/><m:cn>4</m:cn></m:apply>
	<m:cn>4</m:cn>
</m:interval>
</m:math>
		</para>
<para id="element-945">Range: <m:math>
<m:apply><m:union/>
	<m:list>
		<m:apply><m:minus/><m:cn>4</m:cn></m:apply>
	</m:list>
	<m:list>
		<m:apply><m:minus/><m:cn>2</m:cn></m:apply>
	</m:list>
	<m:list>
		<m:cn>0</m:cn>
	</m:list>
	<m:list>
		<m:cn>2</m:cn>
	</m:list>
</m:apply>
</m:math></para>
	</solution>
</exercise><exercise id="element-145"><problem>
		<figure id="element-41">
			<media type="image/png" src="1_20.png"/>
		</figure>
	</problem>

	<solution>
		<para id="element-428">Domain: <m:math>
<m:interval closure="open-closed">
		<m:apply><m:minus/><m:cn>4</m:cn></m:apply>
		<m:cn>4</m:cn>
	</m:interval>
</m:math>
		</para>
<para id="element-774">Range: <m:math>
<m:interval closure="closed">
		<m:cn>0</m:cn>
		<m:cn>4</m:cn>
	</m:interval>
</m:math></para>
	</solution>
</exercise>
</content>
</document>
