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<document xmlns="http://cnx.rice.edu/cnxml" xmlns:bib="http://bibtexml.sf.net/" xmlns:md="http://cnx.rice.edu/mdml/0.4" id="Case_86">
  <name>Images of Memorable Cases: Case 86</name>
  <content>
    <exercise id="id2256869">
      <problem>
        <para id="id2259615">
          <media src="Case_86-pres1-1.jpg" type="image/jpeg"/>
        </para>
        <para id="id2259649">This teenager with Ebstein’s anomaly had a pulsatile, murmurless, left-sided scrotal mass.</para>
      </problem>
      <solution>
        <name>86. Pulsating varicocele resulting from tricuspid insufficiency</name>
        <para id="id2259670">The prominent scrotal varicosities seen in the image were associated with a large, pulsatile varicocele that initially masqueraded as a pulsating testicle. Other causes of pulsatile scrotal masses include arteriovenous malformation (which has a murmur) and “arteriocele” (a testicular artery that provides a major collateral for an obstructed iliac artery). These conditions are easily differentiated from varicocele by their physical and angiographic features.</para>
        <para id="id2259695">The take-home message is this: Pulsating veins, irrespective of their location, are pathognomonic of tricuspid insufficiency.</para>
      </solution>
    </exercise>
  </content>
</document>
