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Околина на точка

Module by: Liljana Stefanovska. E-mail the author

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Summary: На бројната оска се воведува поимот за околина на точка

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ОКОЛИНА НА ТОЧКА

Нека на бројната права l на точката A и кореспондира реалниот број aa size 12{a} {} и нека ε>0ε>0 size 12{ε>0} {} е произволен позитивен број.

Дефиниција.

Секој отворен интервал (aε,a+ε)(aε,a+ε) size 12{ \( a - ε,`a+ε \) } {}се нарекува εε size 12{ε - {}} {}околина на точката A, односно εε size 12{ε - {}} {}околина на бројот aa size 12{a} {} и се означува со V(a,ε)V(a,ε) size 12{V \( a,ε \) } {}.

Бројот aa size 12{a} {} се нарекува центар на околината а бројот εε size 12{ε - {}} {}радиус на околината. На Сл. 1.3 е претставен интервал на бројот aa size 12{a} {} (точката А) со радиус εε size 12{ε} {}.

Table 1
graphics1.png
Слика 1.3 Околина на точката А

Ако за секој број x(aε,a+ε)x(aε,a+ε) size 12{x in \( a - ε,`a+ε \) } {} важи

a ε < x < a + ε a ε < x < a + ε size 12{a - ε<x<a+ε} {}

односно

ε < x a < ε ε < x a < ε size 12{ - ε<x - a<ε} {}

или

x a < ε x a < ε size 12{ \lline x - a \lline <ε} {}

се вели дека бројот x се наоѓа во εε size 12{ε - {}} {}околина на бројот aa size 12{a} {}, односно точката М на која и кореспондира реалниот број x се наоѓа во εε size 12{ε - {}} {}околина на точката A (Сл. 1.4).

Table 2
graphics2.png
Слика 1.4 Припадност на точката М во околина на точката А

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