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    By: Sam ShearmanAs a part of collections:"SubVI Specifications for "Communication Systems Projects with LabVIEW"", "Communication Systems Projects with LabVIEW"

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pam_RaisedCosinePulse.vi

Module by: Ed Doering. E-mail the author

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Summary: Build a LabVIEW subVI to create a raised cosine pulse shape suitable for a pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) transmitters.

Note: Your browser may not currently support MathML. See our browser support page for additional details. You can always view the correct math in the PDF version.

Table 1
LabVIEWtop.png This module refers to LabVIEW, a software development environment that features a graphical programming language. Please see the LabVIEW QuickStart Guide module for tutorials and documentation that will help you:
• Apply LabVIEW to Audio Signal Processing
• Get started with LabVIEW
• Obtain a fully-functional evaluation edition of LabVIEW

Note:

Visit LabVIEW Setup to learn how to adjust your own LabVIEW environment to match the settings used by the LabVIEW screencast video(s) in this module. Click the "Fullscreen" button at the lower right corner of the video player if the video does not fit properly within your browser window.

LabVIEW SubVI: pam_RaisedCosinePulse.vi

  • Description: Create a raised cosine pulse shape suitable for a pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) transmitter.
  • Category: Pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) ("pam" prefix)

Inputs (Controls)

  1. Tb, bit interval (0.01) [s] -- DBL
  2. alpha, excess bandwidth factor (0.5) -- DBL
  3. N, bit intervals for support (4) -- DBL
  4. fs, sampling frequency (1000) [Hz] -- DBL

Parentheses ( ) indicate default value; square brackets [ ] designate units.

Outputs (Indicators)

  1. pulse shape -- 1-D DBL array

Required Behavior

  • "pulse shape" is an array containing the raised cosine pulse shape defined by the equation p(t)=sinc⁡(2 B 0 t)( cos⁡(2πα B 0 t) 1−16 (α B 0 t) 2 ) p(t)=sinc⁡(2 B 0 t)( cos⁡(2πα B 0 t) 1−16 (α B 0 t) 2 ) MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaagaart1ev2aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYb1uaebbnrfifHhDYfgasaacH8srps0lbbf9q8WrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbba9q8WqFfea0=yr0RYxir=Jbba9q8aq0=yq=He9q8qqQ8frFve9Fve9Ff0dmeaabaqaciGacaGaaeqabaWaaeaaeaaakeaacaWGWbGaaiikaiaadshacaGGPaGaeyypa0Jaci4CaiaacMgacaGGUbGaai4yaiGacIcacaaIYaGaamOqamaaBaaaleaacaaIWaaabeaakiaadshacaGGPaWaaeWaaeaadaWcaaqaaiGacogacaGGVbGaai4CaiaacIcacaaIYaGaeqiWdaNaeqySdeMaamOqamaaBaaaleaacaaIWaaabeaakiaadshacaGGPaaabaGaaGymaiabgkHiTiaaigdacaaI2aGaaiikaiabeg7aHjaadkeadaWgaaWcbaGaaGimaaqabaGccaWG0bGaaiykamaaCaaaleqabaGaaGOmaaaaaaaakiaawIcacaGLPaaaaaa@5864@
  • B 0 B 0 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaagaart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYb1uaebbnrfifHhDYfgasaacH8srps0lbbf9q8WrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbba9q8WqFfea0=yr0RYxir=Jbba9q8aq0=yq=He9q8qqQ8frFve9Fve9Ff0dmeaabaqaciGacaGaaeqabaWaaeaaeaaakeaacaWGcbWaaSbaaSqaaiaaicdaaeqaaaaa@36F4@ = Nyquist bandwidth, the minimum possible transmit bandwidth achieved by a sinc pulse
  • B 0 = 1 2 T b B 0 = 1 2 T b MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaagaart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYb1uaebbnrfifHhDYfgasaacH8srps0lbbf9q8WrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbba9q8WqFfea0=yr0RYxir=Jbba9q8aq0=yq=He9q8qqQ8frFve9Fve9Ff0dmeaabaqaciGacaGaaeqabaWaaeaaeaaakeaacaWGcbWaaSbaaSqaaiaaicdaaeqaaOGaeyypa0ZaaSaaaeaacaaIXaaabaGaaGOmaiaadsfadaWgaaWcbaGaamOyaaqabaaaaaaa@3B77@ , where Tb is the bit interval
  • α α MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaagaart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYb1uaebbnrfifHhDYfgasaacH8srps0lbbf9q8WrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbba9q8WqFfea0=yr0RYxir=Jbba9q8aq0=yq=He9q8qqQ8frFve9Fve9Ff0dmeaabaqaciGacaGaaeqabaWaaeaaeaaakeaacqaHXoqyaaa@36E6@ = roll-off factor (also called excess bandwidth factor), 0≤α≤1 0≤α≤1 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+=feaagaart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLnhiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYb1uaebbnrfifHhDYfgasaacH8srps0lbbf9q8WrFfeuY=Hhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbba9q8WqFfea0=yr0RYxir=Jbba9q8aq0=yq=He9q8qqQ8frFve9Fve9Ff0dmeaabaqaciGacaGaaeqabaWaaeaaeaaakeaacaaIWaGaeyizImQaeqySdeMaeyizImQaaGymaaaa@3BC5@ (alpha = 0 creates an unmodified sinc pulse, and alpha = 1 creates a fully damped sinc pulse with twice the Nyquist bandwidth).
  • The "alpha" control value must be limited to the range 0 to 1 and be incrementable by steps of 0.1.

The raised cosine pulse shape is fundamental to digital communication systems. Its name derives from its frequency-domain shape. Refer to the Figure 1 screencast video to learn more about the raised cosine pulse.

Figure 1: [video] Explanation of raised cosine pulse
Figure 1 (subVI_pam_RaisedCosinePulse-explained.htm)

LabVIEW Coding Tips

View the screencast video in Create a SubVI in LabVIEW to learn the mechanics of subVIs.

Refer to the Figure 2 screencast video for LabVIEW coding tips and techniques specific to this subVI.

Figure 2: [video] LabVIEW coding tips and techniques for pam_RaisedCosinePulse.vi
Figure 2 (subVI_pam_RaisedCosinePulse-vi.htm)

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