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Pseudocode Examples for Control Structures

Module by: Kenneth Leroy Busbee. E-mail the author

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Summary: Pseudocode conventions and control structure examples of: if then else, case, while, for, do while and repeat until.

Overview

No standard for pseudocode syntax exists. However, there are some commonly followed conventions to help make pseudocode written by one programmer easily understood by another programmer. Most of these conventions follow two concepts:

  • Use indentation to show the action part of a control structure
  • Use an ending phrase word to end a control structure

The sequence control structure simply lists the lines of pseudocode. The concern is not with the sequence category but with selection and two of the iteration control structures. The following are commonly used ending phrase-words:

Table 1
Control Structure Ending Phrase Word
If then Else Endif
Case Endcase
While Endwhile
For Endfor

The Do While and Repeat Until iteration control structures don't need an ending phrase-word. We simply use the first word, then the action part, followed by the second word with the test expression. Here are some examples:

Selection Control Structures

Example 1: pseudocode: If then Else


If age > 17
  Display a message indicating you can vote.
Else
  Display a message indicating you can't vote.
Endif

Example 2: pseudocode: Case


Case of age
  0 to 17   Display "You can't vote."
  18 to 64  Display "Your in your working years."
  65 +      Display "You should be retired."
Endcase

Iteration (Repetition) Control Structures

Example 3: pseudocode: While


count assigned zero
While count < 5
  Display "I love computers!"
  Increment count
Endwhile

Example 4: pseudocode: For


For x starts at 0, x < 5, increment x
  Display "Are we having fun?"
Endfor

Example 5: pseudocode: Do While


count assigned five
Do
  Display "Blast off is soon!"
  Decrement count
While count > zero

Example 6: pseudocode: Repeat Until


count assigned five
Repeat
  Display "Blast off is soon!"
  Decrement count
Until count < one

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