Memorize these three rules of logarithms.
-
log
x
(
ab
)
=
log
x
a
+
log
x
b
log
x
(ab)=
log
x
a+
log
x
b
-
log
x
(
a
b
)
=
log
x
a
-
log
x
b
log
x
(
a
b
)=
log
x
a-
log
x
b
-
log
x
(
a
b
)
=
b
log
x
a
log
x
(
a
b
)=b
log
x
a
In class, we demonstrated the first and third rules above. For instance, for the first rule:
log
2
8
=
log
2
(
2
×
2
×
2
)
=
3
log
2
8=
log
2
(2×2×2)=3
log
2
16
=
log
2
(
2
×
2
×
2
×
2
)
=
4
log
2
16=
log
2
(2×2×2×2)=4
log
2
(
8
×
16
)
=
log
2
[
(
2
×
2
×
2
)
(
2
×
2
×
2
×
2
)
]
=
7
log
2
(8×16)=
log
2
[(2×2×2)(2×2×2×2)]=7
This demonstrates that when you multiply two numbers, their logs add.
Now, you come up with a similar demonstration of the second rule of logs, that shows why when you divide two numbers, their logs subtract.
Now we’re going to practice applying those three rules. Take my word for these two facts. (You don’t have to memorize them, but you will be using them for this homework.)
-
log
5
8
=
1.29
log
5
8=1.29
-
log
5
60
=
2.54
log
5
60=2.54
Now, use those facts to answer the following questions.
log
5
480
=
log
5
480=
480
=
8
×
60
480=8×60. So this is
log
5
(
8
×
60
)
log
5
(8×60). Which rule above helps you rewrite this?
How can you use your calculator to test your answer to #2? (I’m assuming here that you can’t find
log
5
480
log
5
480 on your calculator, but you can do exponents.) Run the test—did it work?
log
5
215
log
5
215 size 12{ left ( { {2} over {"15"} } right )} {} ==
log
5
152=
log
5
152 size 12{ left ( { {"15"} over {2} } right )} {}=
log
5
(
5
)
23
=
log
5
(5
)
23
=
5
(
log
5
23
)
=
5
(
log
5
23
)
=
Simplify, using the
log
(
x
y
)
log(xy) property:
log
a
(
x
•
x
•
x
•
x
)
log
a
(x•x•x•x)
log
a
(
x
•
1
)
log
a
(x•1)
Simplify, using the log
log
xylogxy size 12{ left ( { {x} over {y} } right )} {} property:
log
a
1x
log
a
1x size 12{ left ( { {1} over {x} } right )} {}
log
a
x1
log
a
x1 size 12{ left ( { {x} over {1} } right )} {}
log
a
xx
log
a
xx size 12{ left ( { {x} over {x} } right )} {}
Simplify, using the
log
(
x
)
b
log(x
)
b
property:
log
a
(
x
)
4
log
a
(x
)
4
log
a
(
x
)
0
log
a
(x
)
0
log
a
(
x
)
-1
log
a
(x
)
-1
- a. Draw a graph of
y
=
log
1
2
x
y=
log
1
2
x. Plot at least 5 points to draw the graph.
- b. What are the domain and range of the graph? What does that tell you about this function?
"This is the "main" book in Kenny Felder's "Advanced Algebra II" series. This text was created with a focus on 'doing' and 'understanding' algebra concepts rather than simply hearing about them in […]"