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    This module and collection are included inLens: Siyavula: Natural Sciences (Gr. 7-9)
    By: Siyavula

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Hidro-elektriese krag

Module by: Siyavula Uploaders. E-mail the author

NATUURWETENSKAPPE

Graad 8

ENERGIE: ELEKTRISITEIT, ENERGIE, WARMTE EN LIG

Module 3

HIDRO-ELEKTRIESE KRAG

Opdrag 1

  • Ons land is eintlik ‘n baie droë land. Ons het wel twee groot permanente riviere in ons land en ESKOM het twee groot hidro-elektriese kragstasies. Die een is naby die Gariepdam in die Vrystaat en die ander in die Van der Kloofdam naby Petrusville.

Hidro-elektrisiteit word in die volgende stappe saamgevat:

1. Beweging van water, veral afwaarts, as gevolg van gravitiasie/swaartekrag.

2. Die val-effek gee aan die watermolekules baie energie.

3. Die vallende water draai ‘n waterturbine.

4. Dit skakel die kinetiese energie om na elektriese energie.

5. Water word dan gewoonlik teruggepomp en die proses word herhaal.

  • Hierdie metode is skoon en kan oor en oor benut word, indien daar genoegsame watervoorrade is. Die effektiwiteit hang egter af van die hoeveelheid water en die spoed of afstand waaroor dit val! So ‘n kragsentrale word gewoonlik aan die onderkant van ‘n damwal of onderaan ‘n waterval gebou.

Hierdie energie-oordrag na die een of ander draai-meganisme is al meer as

2 000 jaar in gebruik.

Opdrag 2

Besoek die internet en gebruik ‘n soekenjin en gebruik soek woorde soos: “aqueduct” en “water wheel”.

Die waterwiel

Akwadukte

Assessering

LU 1

Wetenskaplike OndersoekDie leerder is in staat om met selfvertroue op weetgierigheid oor natuurlike verskynsels te reageer, en om binne die konteks van wetenskap, tegnologie en die omgewing verbande te ondersoek en probleme op te los.

Dit word bewys as die leerder:

1.1 ondersoeke kan beplan;

1.2 ondersoeke kan uitvoer en data kan insamel;

1.3 data kan evalueer en bevindinge kan kommunikeer.

LU 2

Wetenskaplike KennisDie leerder ken, interpreteer en pas wetenskaplike, tegnologiese en omgewingskennis toe.

Dit word bewys as die leerder:

2.1 sinvolle inligting kan oproep;

2.2 inligting in kategorieë kan plaas;

2.3 inligting kan interpreteer;

2.4 kennis kan toepas.

LU 3

Wetenskap, Omgewing en die GemeenskapDie leerder is in staat om begrip van die onderlinge verband tussen wetenskap en tegnologie, die samelewing en die omgewing te toon.

Dit word bewys as die leerder:

3.1 wetenskap as ‘n menslike aktiwiteit kan verstaan;

3.2 volhoubare gebruik van die aarde se hulpbronne verstaan.

Memorandum

HIDRO-ELEKTRISITEIT

Opdrag 1

  • Ons land is eintlik ‘n baie droë land. Ons het wel twee groot permanente riviere in ons land en ESKOM het twee groot hidro-elektriese kragstasies. Die een is naby die Gariepdam in die Vrystaat en die ander in die Van der Kloofdam naby Petrusville.

Hidro-elektrisiteit word in die volgende stappe saamgevat:

1. Beweging van water, veral afwaarts, as gevolg van gravitiasie/swaartekrag.

2. Die val-effek gee aan die watermolekules baie energie.

3. Die vallende water draai ‘n waterturbine.

4. Dit skakel die kinetiese energie om na elektriese energie.

5. Water word dan gewoonlik teruggepomp en die proses word herhaal.

  • Hierdie metode is skoon en kan oor en oor benut word, indien daar genoegsame watervoorrade is. Die effektiwiteit hang egter af van die hoeveelheid water en die spoed of afstand waaroor dit val! So ‘n kragsentrale word gewoonlik aan die onderkant van ‘n damwal of onderaan ‘n waterval gebou.

Hierdie energie-oordrag na die een of ander draai-meganisme is al meer as

2 000 jaar in gebruik.

Opdrag 2

Besoek die internet en gebruik ‘n soekenjin en gebruik soek woorde soos: “aqueduct” en “water wheel”.

Die waterwiel

Akwadukte

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