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    This module and collection are included inLens: Siyavula: Natural Sciences (Gr. 4-6)
    By: Siyavula

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Om te ontdek hoe diere aangepas is om in hulle habitat te oorleef

Module by: Siyavula Uploaders. E-mail the author

NATUURWETENSKAPPE

Ekosisteem en omgewingsbalans

OPVOEDERS AFDELING

Memorandum

Opdrag 7:

1 - skubbe

2 - stertvin

3 - systreep

4 - kieuspleet

5 - rugvin

6 - oog

FUNKSIES

1. Maak liggaam vaartbelyn sodat dit so min as moontlik weerstand bied as die vis swem.

2. Slym wat deur die kliere in die opperhuid afgeskei word, maak die skubbe glad en glibberig. Dit help die vis om makliker deur die water te beweeg.

3. Die water spoel in by die kieuspleet en spoel oor die kieue sodat die suurstof deur die bloedvate opgeneem kan word. Die kieuspleet bedek ook die kieue.

4. Dit het kragtige spiere en word heen en weer geswaai sodat die vis vorentoe kan beweeg.

5. Dit is daar om die vis regop te hou en te help met balans.

6. Die systreep bestaan uit ‘n lang ry openinge waarin senuselle is. Dit stel die vis in staat om verskille in druk waar te neem en so sy diepte in die water te bepaal.

Opdrag 8:

DUIF

1. Om kos op te pik; om nes te bou; kuikentjies te voer; vere glad te stryk en vir verdediging.

2. Die vere, veral die ligte penvere, maak die vlerkoppervlakte groter.

3. Vere is swak geleiers van hitte en bewaar dus die liggaamshitte van die duif. 4. Die dekvere kom feitlik oor die hele liggaam voor en die donsvere daaronder.

5. Die toon wat agtertoe wys, help om die duif te balanseer. Die pote help die duif ook om op die grond te loop en om sy gewig om ‘n tak te sluit wanneer hy gaan sit.

6. Dit maak die nek baie beweeglik en dus kan die duif sy kop in enige rigting draai.

7. Om die poot te beskerm en droog te hou.

Dit maak die duif nog meer vaartbelyn en verminder die lugweerstand wanneer die duif vlieg.

LEERDER AFDELING

Inhoud

AKTIWITEIT: Om te ontdek hoe diere aangepas is om in hulle habitat te oorleef [LU 2.3]

(i) Verskille ten opsigte van uitwendige bou

Diere is aangepas om te kan oorleef in hul habitat, bv. visse is aangepas om in die water te kan woon.

Opdrag 7

Bestudeer die skets van die karp (varswatervis) en identifiseer die uitwendige liggaamsdele. Skryf die liggaamsdeel langs die korrekte nommer neer:

Figure 1
Figure 1 (graphics1.png)

1.___________________________________________________________________2. ___________________________________________________________________

3. ___________________________________________________________________

4. ___________________________________________________________________

5. ___________________________________________________________________

6. ___________________________________________________________________

Elkeen van hierdie uitwendige liggaamsdele speel ‘n baie belangrike rol in die vis se oorlewing in die water. Dui aan wat die funksie van elk van die volgende is:

Table 1
EIENSKAP FUNKSIE
spoelvormige liggaam ___________________________________________
skubbe ___________________________________________
kieuspleet ___________________________________________
stertvin ___________________________________________
rugvin ___________________________________________
systreep ___________________________________________

Opdrag 8

Bestudeer ook die skets van die uitwendige bou van die duif en beantwoord dan die daaropvolgende vrae:

Figure 2
Figure 2 (graphics2.png)
Figure 3
Figure 3 (graphics3.png)

1. Die duif het ‘n kort, horingagtige snawel. Noem vyf funksies van die snawel.

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

2. Sy voorste ledemate is gewysig tot vlerke sodat die duif kan vlieg. Die sterk borsspiere weerskante van die borsbeen beweeg die vlerke soos spane wat op die lug druk. Hierdeur word die duif opwaarts en vorentoe gedryf. Wat help om die oppervlakte van die vlerke te vergroot?

_____________________________________________________________________

3. Daar is ook dekvere en donsvere op die duif se liggaam. Watter funksie verrig hulle?

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

4. Die duif se pote is ook aangepas by sy gewoontes. Die drie tone wat vorentoe wys en die een wat agtertoe wys, is spesiaal aangepas. Waarvoor?

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

5. Die nek is taamlik lank en beweeglik. Watter voordeel hou dit vir die duif in?

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

6. Die pote is met skubbe bedek. Waarom?

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

7. Die vere lê met hulle vry ente na agter en die liggaam is bootvormig. Waarom is dit so?

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

Figure 4
Figure 4 (graphics4.png)

SELF-ASSESSERING

Table 2
KRITERIA NEE/JA
Ek kon maklik die funksie van die onderskeie liggaamsdele uitken ______________
Ek kon logiese afleidings maak _____________
Ek kon onafhanklik werk _____________

ASSESSERING

Leeruitkomste 2:Die leerders ken, interpreteer en pas wetenskaplike, tegnologiese en omgewingskennis toe.

Assesseringstandaard 2.3: Dit is duidelik wanneer die leerder inligting interpreteer.

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