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An Introduction to MATLAB: The Colon

Module by: Louis Scharf. E-mail the author

Note:

This module is part of the collection, A First Course in Electrical and Computer Engineering. The LaTeX source files for this collection were created using an optical character recognition technology, and because of this process there may be more errors than usual. Please contact us if you discover any errors.

You can use the colon several ways in MATLAB (see help :). Its basic meaning is a vector of sequential values. For example, type

≫ x = 3:9

to get

x = 
   3 4 5 6 7 8 9

For increments other than 1, use statements like

≫ x = 1:0.5:4
≫ x = 6:-1:0

Most MATLAB functions will accept vector inputs and produce vector out- puts. The statement

≫ y = sqrt(1:10)

builds a vector of integers from 1 to 10 and takes the square root of each of those numbers. Try it.

Now for another subtlety–what is the effect of each of the following statements and why?

≫ 1+1:5
≫ 1+(1:5)

Appending to a Matrix or Vector. A matrix or vector can be enlarged in size by appending new values to the old values. Let x=[1 3 5]:

x = [ x 6810 ] ⇒ x = [ 1356810 ] y = [ x ; 1 : 6 ] ⇒ y = 1 3 5 6 8 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 . x = [ x 6810 ] ⇒ x = [ 1356810 ] y = [ x ; 1 : 6 ] ⇒ y = 1 3 5 6 8 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 .
(1)

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