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    This module and collection are included inLens: Siyavula: Mathematics (Gr. 7-9)
    By: Siyavula

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Meetkunde

Module by: Siyavula Uploaders. E-mail the author

WISKUNDE

Ruimte en Vorm

OPVOEDERS AFDELING

Memorandum

1. Algemene bespreking oor meetkunde / General discussion about geometry.

2. (1) AARDE / EARTH (geo) (2) METING / MEASUREMENT (metry)

4.

(a) ‘n punt / a point

  1. (a) hoek / angle
  2. (b) figure / figures

6.

(a) konstruksielyn / construction line

  1. (a) tekenlyn / drawing line

(c) gebroke of kortstrepie-lyn / a broken line

7.1

(a) horisontaal / horizontal

vertikaal / vertical

diagonaal / diagonal

(b) ewewydige of parallelle / parallel

⁄ ⁄

(c) loodreg / perpendicular

regte / right

8 (a) 6

AB; AD; BC; CD; AC; BD

BD: 40 mm

(b) HJ; JH; IJ; IH

Figure 1
Figure 1 (graphics1.png)

(c)

(d)

Figure 2
Figure 2 (graphics2.png)

(e)

Figure 3
Figure 3 (graphics3.png)

Figure 4
Figure 4 (graphics4.png)

(f)

Figure 5
Figure 5 (graphics5.png)
(g)

Figure 6
Figure 6 (graphics6.png)

LEERDERS AFDELING

Inhoud

AKTIWITEIT: Meetkunde [LU 1.8, LU 3.4]

1. Kom ons val weg met ’n klasbespreking. Wat, dink julle, is MEETKUNDE, en waaroor gaan dit?

2. Het jy geweet?

’n Ander woord vir “Meetkunde” is Geometrie. Dié woord is afgelei uit twee Griekse woorde. Ontsyfer die kode en vind uit wat dié twee woorde is.

1.

a) 72 ÷ 8

b) 7 x 6

c) 9 x 4

d) 9 x 6

e) 144 ÷ 12

________________

(geo)

2.

a) 12 x 8

b) 36 ÷ 4

c) 29 + 13

d) 56 − 18

e) 11 x 4

f) 12 x 3

_________________

(metrie)

Figure 7
Figure 7 (graphics7.png)

3. Het jy geweet?

Meer as 5 000 jaar gelede het die Antieke Egiptenare in die Nylvallei meetkundige reëls toegepas om piramides te bou. Die Babiloniërs het ook meetkunde gebruik om tempels te bou en besproeiingstelsels te ontwerp. Die beroemde Griekse meetkundige, Euklides, het 300 jaar v.C. geleef. Volgens hom is die boublokke van meetkunde punte, lyne en vlakke.

4. KOPKRAPPER!

a) Wat is die kortste moontlike lyn?___________________________________

b) Wat kry ons as ons twee lyne saamvoeg en hulle sny mekaar? ______________________________________________________________

c) Wat kry ons as ons meer lyne by bogenoemde voeg?________________________

5. BELANGRIK om te weet

PUNT : ’n Punt het net ’n posisie en geen grootte nie. Ons dui dit met ’n klein kolletjie (  ) aan.

LYN: As ons twee punte het, kan ons ’n lyn deur hulle trek.

’n Lyn het slegs lengte en nie hoogte of breedte nie.

’n Reguit lyn het geen begin- of eindpunt nie.

Figure 8
Figure 8 (graphics8.png)

LYNSEGMENT: ’n Lynsegment is deel van ’n lyn. Dit het ’n begin- en eindpunt.

Figure 9
Figure 9 (graphics9.png)

HALFLYN OF STRAAL: ’n Straal het ’n beginpunt. Dit gaan onbeperk voort in dieselfde rigting en het nie ’n eindpunt nie. (Dink aan die strale van die son).

Figure 10
Figure 10 (graphics10.png)

VLAK: ’n Vlak het lengte en breedte, maar nie hoogte nie.

Jy kan dit beskou as ’n “plat” ruimte, bv. ’n reghoek.

Figure 11
Figure 11 (graphics11.png)

6. KOPKRAPPER!

a) Wat noem ons dié lyn? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Dit word gebruik in konstruksies om ’n figuur te teken.

_____________________________________________________________________

b) Wat noem ons dié lyn? _____________________

Dit is gewoonlik donker en word gebruik vir die finale lyne van ’n tekening.

_____________________________________________________________________

c) Hierdie lyn word gebruik vir versteekte of onsigbare lyne. _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Wat word dit genoem? (dis nie ’n stippellyn nie)

_____________________________________________________________________

7.1 Onthou jy nog?

§ Kan jy die ontbrekende woorde invul?

a) Lyne kan in verskillende rigtings loop:

Figure 12
Figure 12 (graphics12.png)
i)

ii)

Figure 13
Figure 13 (graphics13.png)

:

iii)

Figure 14
Figure 14 (graphics14.png)

b) Lyne wat ewe ver van mekaar af is, noem ons __________________________

of _____________________________________________ lyne.

Ons gebruik dié simbool _________________ om “is ewewydig aan” aan te toon.

c) Twee lyne is______________________________ op mekaar wanneer die hoek tussen hulle 90 grade is.

Ons noem dié hoek ’n _______________________________________________ hoek.

Ons gebruik die simbool ___________________ om “is loodreg op” aan te toon.

7.2 Ontwerp ’n muurbehangsel deur net van horisontale en vertikale lyne gebruik te maak. Kleur dit netjies in.

7.3 Kan jy aan jou klasmaats verduidelik hoe ’n mens loodlyne teken?

7.4 Kan jy verduidelik hoe ons ewewydige lyne trek?

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

8. KOM ONS TOETS JOU KENNIS!

Figure 15
Figure 15 (graphics15.png)
a)

Hoeveel lynstukke is in dié skets?__________________________________________

Noem hulle: __________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

Meet elkeen se lengte: __________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

Figure 16
Figure 16 (graphics16.png)
b)

Noem die vier halflyne in die skets:

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

c) Trek lyn EF.

Figure 17
Figure 17 (graphics17.png)

d) Trek lynstuk GH 32 mm lank.

Figure 18
Figure 18 (graphics18.png)

e) Trek halflyn MN.

Figure 19
Figure 19 (graphics19.png)

f) Trek KL // OP.

Figure 20
Figure 20 (graphics20.png)

g) Trek VW XY.

Figure 21
Figure 21 (graphics21.png)

Assessering

Leeruitkomste 1:Die leerder is in staat om getalle en die verwantskappe daarvan te herken, te beskryf en voor te stel, en om tydens probleemoplossing bevoeg en met selfvertroue te tel, te skat, te bereken en te kontroleer.

Assesseringstandaard 1.8: Dit is duidelik wanneer die leerder hoofberekeninge doen wat kwadrate van natuurlike getalle tot minstens 102 en derdemagswaardes van natuurlike getalle tot minstens 53 behels.

Leeruitkomste 3:Die leerder is in staat om eienskappe van en verwantskappe tussen twee-dimensionele vorms en drie-dimensionele voorwerpe in ‘n verskeidenheid oriëntasies en posisies te beskryf en voor te stel.

Assesseringstandaard 3.4: Dit is duidelik wanneer die leerder nette ontwerp en gebruik om modelle te maak van meetkundige drie-dimensionele voorwerpe wat tot en met hierdie graad bestudeer is.

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