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  • GETIntPhaseMaths display tagshide tags

    This module and collection are included inLens: Siyavula: Mathematics (Gr. 4-6)
    By: Siyavula

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Om te tel en korrek te bereken sonder potlood en papier

Module by: Siyavula Uploaders. E-mail the author

WISKUNDE

Getalbegrip, Optelling en Aftrekking

OPVOEDERS AFDELING

Memorandum

2.

2.1 tel 12 by

2.2 trek 40 af

2.3 trek 12 af

2.4 tel 12 by

2.5 tel 28 by

3.

3.1 9; 11; 28; 100; 456

3.2 9; 1; 30; 82

3.3 2; 8; 11; 17

4.

4.1 99

4.2 36

LEERDERS AFDELING

Inhoud

AKTIWITEIT: Om te tel en korrek te bereken sonder potlood en papier [LU 1.1, LU 1.8]

1. In die vorige aktiwiteit het jy met klein getalletjies gewerk. Kom ons werk nou met groter getalle! Kry vir jou ’n maat en tel:

1.1 in ene vanaf 985 tot 1 005

1.2 in twees vanaf 640 terug tot by 596

1.3 in vywe vanaf 2 035 tot 2 095

1.4 in tiene vanaf 1 890 terug tot by 1 760

1.5 in honderde vanaf 800 tot 2 600

1.6 in duisende vanaf 4 300 tot 9 300

2. Soms doen ‘n mens optelling en/of aftrekking onbewustelik (sonder dat daar vir jou gesê word dit is wat jy moet doen) om die antwoord te kry. Kan jy vir jou maat sê wat jy met elk van die volgende getalle moet doen om dit in die nuwe getal te verander?

Tabel 1
  GETAL   NUWE GETAL
2.1 126 ??? 138
2.2 868 ??? 828
2.3 943 ??? 931
2.4 9 987 ??? 9 999
2.5 6 472 ??? 6 500

3. As ons die veelvoude van 10, 100 en 1 000 goed ken, kan ons deling daardeur sommer hoofreken (sonder potlood en papier) bereken! Kan jy die volgende antwoorde vinniger as jou maat gee?

3.1 Hoeveel tiene is daar in: 90 ; 110 ; 280 ; 1 000 ; 4 560 ?

3.2 Hoeveel honderde is daar in: 900 ; 1 100 ; 3 000 ; 8 200 ?

3.3 Hoeveel duisende is daar in: 2 000 ; 8 000 ; 11 000 ; 17 000 ?

Sien jy ‘n “patroon” in die antwoorde? Wat is die “geheim” om die antwoorde maklik te bereken?

÷ 10:

÷ 100:

÷ 1 000:

ONTHOU JY NOG?

’n EWE getal is presies deelbaar deur 2. ’n ONEWE getal kan nie presies deur 2 gedeel word sonder om ‘n breuk in die antwoord te kry nie.

4. Gebruik nou jou kennis van ewe en onewe getalle en kyk of jy die volgende raaisels kan oplos:

Figuur 1
Figuur 1 (graphics1.png)
4.1

4.2

Figuur 2
Figuur 2 (graphics2.png)
  • Kyk nou na die volgende diagram.

Figuur 3
Figuur 3 (graphics3.png)

Die getal wat hier voorgestel word, is 5 243.

  • Ons lees: vyfduisend tweehonderd drie-en-veertig.
  • Ons kan dit ook so skryf:

5 243 = 5 000 + 200 + 40 + 3= (5 × 1 000) + (2 × 100) + (4 × 10) + (3 × 1)

  • Ons noem hierdie skryfwyse uitgebreide notasie.

Assessering

Leeruitkomste 1:Die leerder is in staat om getalle en die verwantskappe daarvan te herken, te beskryf en voor te stel, en om tydens probleemoplossing bevoeg en met selfvertroue te tel, te skat, te bereken en te kontroleer.

Assesseringstandaard 1.1: Dit is duidelik wanneer die leerder aan- en terugtel in heelgetal-intervalle en -breuke;

Assesseringstandaard 1.8: Dit is duidelik wanneer die leerder skat en bereken deur geskikte bewerkings vir die oplossing van probleme te gebruik:

1.8.1 afronding tot die naaste 5, 10, 100 of 1 000;

1.8.2 optel en aftrek van heelgetalle met minstens 5 syfers.

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