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    This module and collection are included inLens: Siyavula: Economic and Management Sciences (Gr. 7-9)
    By: Siyavula

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Gebruik van tegnologie

Module by: Siyavula Uploaders. E-mail the author

EKONOMIESE EN BESTUURSWETENSKAPPE

Graad 8

VOLHOUBARE GROEI EN ONTWIKKELING

Module 9

GEBRUIK VAN TEGNOLOGIE

Tegnologiese vooruitgang of -ontwikkeling, wat die gebruik van nuwe en verbeterde tegnieke of produksiemetodes behels, stel werkers in staat om addisionele uitsette of produksie te lewer met dieselfde hoeveelheid hulpbronne. Sulke verbeterings verminder die produksiekoste van die goedere en dienste. Dit beteken dat 'n kleiner inset ten opsigte van menslike en fisiese kapitaal per eenheid benodig word.

Tegnologiese ontwikkeling word te weeg gebring deur investerings in kapitaaltoerusting en navorsingsprojekte. Om die rede sal ontwikkelings op die gebied van tegnologie (en wetenskap) groter investering verg, wat opofferings in terme van (verminderde) verbruik sal genoodsaak.

Aktiwiteit 1:

Table 1
         
  LU 2.4      
         

Tegnologiese Ontwikkelings

  • Maak 'n plakkaat waarop jy die volgende verbeterings in tegnologie aandui:
  • vervanging van mensearbeid deur masjiene;
  • ontwikkeling van stoomenjin na binnebrandmasjien na hidro-elektriese krag na kernkrag;
  • ontwikkelings op die gebied van telekommunikasie;
  • ontwikkelings op die gebied van vervoer.
  • (Maak 'n keuse uit enigeen van bogenoemde)

Hierdie tegnologiese ontwikkelings het almal se lewenswyse oor die afgelope 250 jaar aansienlik verander en in die proses gelei tot 'n verbetering in die lewensstandaard.

Tegnologiese vooruitgang kan enige van twee vorme aanneem:

1. 'n UITVINDING, wat die ontdekking van nuwe produkte of nuwe prosesse behels, of

  1. 'n INNOVERING, wat die praktiese omskakeling na nuwe tegnieke behels – dit kan ook gesien word as die ekonomiese aanwending van 'n UITVINDING.

Nota:

  • UITVINDINGS IS BELANGRIK, MAAR SONDER INNOVEERDERS KAN UITVINDINGS BLOOT MOOI IDEES WEES WAT WAG OM GEIMPLIMENTEER TE WORD.

Aktiwiteit 2:

Table 2
         
  LU 2.4      
         

Uitvindings en Innoverings

  • Doen navorsing oor die volgende twee persone:
  • HENRY FORD, wat beskou word as die vader van die Model T-Ford, en
  • RAY KROC, wat beskou word as die vader van McDonalds
  • Besluit of hulle innoveerders of uitvinders was, en motiveer jul besluit. Skryf die opsomming van jou navorsing hieronder neer.

Alhoewel tegnologiese ontwikkelings 'n belangrike rol in die bevordering van materiele welvaart en die verbetering van die lewensstandaard gespeel het, moet besef word dat dit nie genoegsame voorwaarde vir volhoubare ekonomiese groei is nie. Voordat moderne tegnologie ekonomiese groei kan bewerkstellig moet die arbeidsmag voldoende kundigheid opdoen om die komplekse masjinerie baas te raak en ook in stand te hou. Opleiding en die aanleer van basiese vaardighede vorm dus 'n belangrike voorvereiste vir die suksesvolle ontplooiing van tegnologie. Ten einde dit te bewerkstellig is groter investering in formele en informele opleiding 'n noodsaaklikheid.

Bron geraadpleeg:

  • Gwartney, James D ECONOMICS, Private and Public Choice, Sixth Edition

Assessering

Table 3
Leeruitkomstes(LUs)
 
LU 2
VOLHOUBARE GROEI EN ONTWIKKELINGDie leerder is in staat om begrip van volhoubare groei, heropbou en ontwikkeling te toon en om krities oor die verwante prosesse na te dink.
Assesseringstandaarde(ASe)
 
Dit is duidelik as die leerder:
2.1 die wyse waarop die nasionale begroting gebruik word om groei te beïnvloed en ekonomiese ongelykhede te stel, kan ondersoek en verduidelik;
2.2 die wyse waarop die HOP kan gebruik gewees het om ekonomiese groei en heropbou te stimuleer (bv. kapasiteitsuitbouing, werkgeleenthede), kan ondersoek;
2.3 die belangrikheid van besparing vir beleggings kan bespreek;
2.4 die wyse waarop tegnologie kan bydra tot verhoogte produktiwiteit, ekonomiese groei en lewenstandaard, kan ondersoek en daaroor verslag kan doen.

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