1. Look carefully at the following problems and explain to a friend what your approach would be in calculating the various answers.

1.1 78−3478−34 size 12{ { { size 8{7} } over { size 8{8} } } - { { size 8{3} } over { size 8{4} } } } {}

1.2 1112−231112−23 size 12{ { { size 8{"11"} } over { size 8{"12"} } } - { { size 8{2} } over { size 8{3} } } } {}

1.3 56−71256−712 size 12{ { { size 8{5} } over { size 8{6} } } - { { size 8{7} } over { size 8{"12"} } } } {}

1.4 212−1910212−1910 size 12{2 { { size 8{1} } over { size 8{2} } } - 1 { { size 8{9} } over { size 8{"10"} } } } {}

1.5 315−1710315−1710 size 12{3 { { size 8{1} } over { size 8{5} } } - 1 { { size 8{7} } over { size 8{"10"} } } } {}

1.6 414−278414−278 size 12{4 { { size 8{1} } over { size 8{4} } } - 2 { { size 8{7} } over { size 8{8} } } } {}

Now calculate the answers.

2. Check your answers with your friend.

Figure 1

2. It is important for us to be able to interpret the pie graph, otherwise we will not be able to make meaningful deductions from it and solve the problems. Work through the following problem with a friend and find out how many methods can be used to solve it.

If there are 50 learners in the class, how many learners play netball?

2.1 The question is 310310 size 12{ { { size 8{3} } over { size 8{"10"} } } } {} of 50

110110 size 12{ { { size 8{1} } over { size 8{"10"} } } } {} of 50 = 5

310310 size 12{ { { size 8{3} } over { size 8{"10"} } } } {} of 50 will be 15

2.2 I must calculate 310310 size 12{ { { size 8{3} } over { size 8{"10"} } } } {} of 50. I find out what 110110 size 12{ { { size 8{1} } over { size 8{"10"} } } } {} is by dividing 50 by 10.

50 ÷ 10 = 5

If one tenth is 5, then 3 tenths will be 3 × 5. There are thus 15 pupils who play netball.

2.3 Girls = 310310 size 12{ { { size 8{3} } over { size 8{"10"} } } } {} of 50

Thus: = (50 ÷ 10) × 3

= 5 × 3

= 15

2.4 310310 size 12{ { { size 8{3} } over { size 8{"10"} } } } {} of 50 = 3 × 110110 size 12{ { { size 8{1} } over { size 8{"10"} } } } {} of 50

= 3 × 5

= 15

3. What would you say is the “rule” for these “of” sums?

4. Which of these methods do you prefer?

Why?

5. Look again at the methods at 2.1 and 2.2. What do you notice?

6. Can you say how many learners in Act. 2 participate in:

rugby?_______ ; swimming? _________

7 Now calculate:

7.1 712712 size 12{ { { size 8{7} } over { size 8{"12"} } } } {} of 36

7.2 5858 size 12{ { { size 8{5} } over { size 8{8} } } } {} of 32

7.3 6767 size 12{ { { size 8{6} } over { size 8{7} } } } {} of 350

7.4 3434 size 12{ { { size 8{3} } over { size 8{4} } } } {} of 224

Do you still remember?

1 000 m. = 1 litre

1 000 litre = 1 kℓ

1 000 g = 1 kg

1 000 kg = 1 t

1 000 mm = 1 m

1 000 m = 1 km

1. Let us see whether you are able to successfully apply the knowledge that you have acquired up to now. Work on your own and calculate:

1.1 Five learners share 1 litre of cool drink equally. How many m ℓℓ size 12{ℓ} {} does each learner get?

1.2 Zane lives 2 km from the school. He has already covered 3434 size 12{ { { size 8{3} } over { size 8{4} } } } {} of the distance. How far has he walked? (Give your answer in m).

1.3 The mass of a bag of flour is 1 kg. Mom needs 310310 size 12{ { { size 8{3} } over { size 8{"10"} } } } {} of this to bake a cake. How much flour will she use?

1.4 Joy buys 3 m of material but only uses 1616 size 12{ { { size 8{1} } over { size 8{6} } } } {} of this to make a dress.

What fraction of material is left over?

How much material is left over?

1. The following activity is for your portfolio.

Look carefully at the assessment table before you begin – your teacher will allocate a code from 1 - 4 for the different sections.

Challenge!

1.1 Carry out a survey in your class and find out how many learners read which magazines. Write you information down in a table, e.g.

1.2 Now show the information by means of a pie diagram.

1.3 Answer the following questions:

a) Which magazine is the most popular?

b) Which magazine is read the least?

c) Which magazine is YOUR favourite?

Why?

BRAIN–TEASER!

Who am I?

a) If you subtract me from 1212 size 12{ { { size 8{1} } over { size 8{2} } } } {}, you will get 3838 size 12{ { { size 8{3} } over { size 8{8} } } } {}

b) If you cut me into sixths, you will have 246246 size 12{ { { size 8{"24"} } over { size 8{6} } } } {}

c) If you double me, you will get 4 1212 size 12{ { { size 8{1} } over { size 8{2} } } } {}

Split up into groups of three. You will be given the necessary paper to work on. Remember to discuss the solutions amongst yourselves beforehand and then you can do them neatly on paper.

1. Mrs Mvusi buys 7 metres of material. If she wants to make each one of her four children a bright cushion for his or her room, how many metres of material can she use for each one? (All the cushions are of the same size.) Give each answer as a fraction.

2. Mr Muruvan buys 9 pieces of dry sausage that he wants to share equally among himself, his wife and their five children. What fraction of the sausage will each one get?

3. Grandpa Ben would like to divide R30 equally among his four grandchildren. What is the amount each one will get?

a) Did she divide it fairly?

b) What fraction does each person get?

c) Write your answer as an improper fraction:

1.3 Sketch the solutions to the following:

a) Divide eight fizzers equally between five children.

b) Divide five milk tarts equally between 12 guests.

1.4 Calculate the following:

a) Divide R5,00 equally between four children.

b) Divide 13 pies equally between eight learners.

1. It is important for us to know how to key in ordinary fractions on a pocket calculator. This will help us find the answers to problems in no time.

Did you know?

If you want to show a fraction on the calculator, e.g. 5757 size 12{ { { size 8{5} } over { size 8{7} } } } {} you must key in 5 ÷ 7 = .

1.1 How does the calculator show the following fractions? Write down what you key in.

a) 3535 size 12{ { { size 8{3} } over { size 8{5} } } } {} ______________

b) 6767 size 12{ { { size 8{6} } over { size 8{7} } } } {} ______________

c) 5858 size 12{ { { size 8{5} } over { size 8{8} } } } {} ______________

d) 112112 size 12{ { { size 8{1} } over { size 8{"12"} } } } {} ______________

e) 3434 size 12{ { { size 8{3} } over { size 8{4} } } } {}

BRAIN–TEASER!

There are seven cows in a camp. Isolate them by means of three fences so that each cow is in its own small camp.

Indicate with a coloured pencil crayon where you would put the fences.