Skip to content Skip to navigation Skip to collection information

Connexions

You are here: Home » Content » Presenting and Communicating Your Statistical Findings: Model Writeups » Writing Up Nonparametric Independent Samples t Test

Navigation

Lenses

What is a lens?

Definition of a lens

Lenses

A lens is a custom view of the content in the repository. You can think of it as a fancy kind of list that will let you see content through the eyes of organizations and people you trust.

What is in a lens?

Lens makers point to materials (modules and collections), creating a guide that includes their own comments and descriptive tags about the content.

Who can create a lens?

Any individual member, a community, or a respected organization.

What are tags? tag icon

Tags are descriptors added by lens makers to help label content, attaching a vocabulary that is meaningful in the context of the lens.

This content is ...

Endorsed by Endorsed (What does "Endorsed by" mean?)

This content has been endorsed by the organizations listed. Click each link for a list of all content endorsed by the organization.
  • NCPEA

    This collection is included inLens: National Council of Professors of Educational Administration
    By: National Council of Professors of Educational Administration

    Click the "NCPEA" link to see all content they endorse.

Recently Viewed

This feature requires Javascript to be enabled.
 

Writing Up Nonparametric Independent Samples t Test

Module by: John R. Slate, Ana Rojas-LeBouef. E-mail the authors

ncpealogo.gif

Note:

This module is published by NCPEA Press and is presented as an NCPEA/Connexions publication. Each chapter has been peer-reviewed, accepted, and endorsed by the National Council of Professors of Educational Administration (NCPEA) as a significant contribution to the scholarship and practice of education administration. Formatted and edited in Connexions by Theodore Creighton and Brad Bizzell, Virginia Tech and Janet Tareilo, Stephen F. Austin State University.

Writing Up Your Nonparametric Independent Samples t

About the Authors

  • John R. Slate is a Professor at Sam Houston State University where he teaches Basic and Advanced Statistics courses, as well as professional writing, to doctoral students in Educational Leadership and Counseling. His research interests lie in the use of educational databases, both state and national, to reform school practices. To date, he has chaired and/or served over 100 doctoral student dissertation committees. Recently, Dr. Slate created a website, Writing and Statistical Help to assist students and faculty with both statistical assistance and in editing/writing their dissertations/theses and manuscripts.
  • Ana Rojas-LeBouef is a Literacy Specialist at the Reading Center at Sam Houston State University where she teaches developmental reading courses. She recently completed her doctoral degree in Reading, where she conducted a 16-year analysis of Texas statewide data regarding the achievement gap. Her research interests lie in examining the inequities in achievement among ethnic groups. Dr. Rojas-LeBouef also assists students and faculty in their writing and statistical needs on the Writing and Statistical website, Writing and Statistical Help

The following is an example of how to write up (in manuscript text) your Nonparametric Independent Samples t test statistics. This module is used with a larger Collection (Book) authored by John R. Slate and Ana Rojas-LeBouef from Sam Houston State University and available at: Calculating Basic Statistical Procedures in SPSS: A Self-Help and Practical Guide to Preparing Theses, Dissertations, and Manuscripts

Gender Differences in Arithmetic Among Grade 4 Students

Research Question

In this study the following research question was addressed:

  • What is the effect of gender on Arithmetic scores among Grade 4 students?

Results

An examination of the standardized skewness coefficient (i.e., the skewness value divided by the standard error of the skewness) and standardized kurtosis coefficient (i.e., the kurtosis value divided by the standard error of the kurtosis) revealed serious departures from normality for the dependent variable, Arithmetic, for both boys and girls. Depicted in Table 1 are the four standardized coefficients, all of which were far beyond the boundaries of normality, +/- 3 (Onwuegbuzie & Daniel, 2002).

Because Arithmetic scores for boys and for girls were not normally distributed, a nonparametric (i.e., Mann-Whitney’s U) independent samples t-test was used to compare the Arithmetic scores of boys and girls. The Mann-Whitney U test revealed a statistically significant gender difference in Arithmetic scores, U = 122004.00, p < .001. The Cohen’s d effect size associated with this difference was 0.40. Using Cohen’s (1988) criteria, this finding represented a small-to-moderate effect size. Presented in Table 2 are the descriptive statistics for Arithmetic scores for boys and for girls. Boys had statistically significantly higher Arithmetic scores than did girls.

References

  • Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
  • Onwuegbuzie, A. J., & Daniel, L. G. (2002). Uses and misuses of the correlation coefficient. Research in the Schools, 9(1), 73-90.

Note:

To be compliant with APA 6th edition, students and faculty are to be aware that Table titles are placed "above" the table entry. Titles here are placed below the tables because of special formatting templates and for conciseness of visual presentation.
Table 1: Standardized Skewness Coefficients and Standardized Kurtosis Coefficients for Arithmetic Scores by Gender
Variable Standardized Skewness Coefficient Standardized Kurtosis Coefficient
Boys -11.04 -11.00
Girls 30.41 11.06
Table 2: Sample Sizes, Means, and Standard Deviations by Gender for Arithmetic Scores
Gender n M SD
Boys 576 7.07 2.96
Girls 560 6.01 2.36

Note:

Figures 1 and 2 below came directly from SPSS output. As such, they are not compliant with APA 6th edition and should not be used in theses, dissertations, or manuscripts. Only Table 1 and 2 above the Output from SPSS are compliant with APA format.

SPSS Statistical Output

Figure 1. Statistics

figure7.1.png

Figure 2. Test Statistics

figure7.2.png

Collection Navigation

Content actions

Download:

Collection as:

PDF | EPUB (?)

What is an EPUB file?

EPUB is an electronic book format that can be read on a variety of mobile devices.

Downloading to a reading device

For detailed instructions on how to download this content's EPUB to your specific device, click the "(?)" link.

| More downloads ...

Module as:

PDF | EPUB (?)

What is an EPUB file?

EPUB is an electronic book format that can be read on a variety of mobile devices.

Downloading to a reading device

For detailed instructions on how to download this content's EPUB to your specific device, click the "(?)" link.

| More downloads ...

Add:

Collection to:

My Favorites (?)

'My Favorites' is a special kind of lens which you can use to bookmark modules and collections. 'My Favorites' can only be seen by you, and collections saved in 'My Favorites' can remember the last module you were on. You need an account to use 'My Favorites'.

| A lens I own (?)

Definition of a lens

Lenses

A lens is a custom view of the content in the repository. You can think of it as a fancy kind of list that will let you see content through the eyes of organizations and people you trust.

What is in a lens?

Lens makers point to materials (modules and collections), creating a guide that includes their own comments and descriptive tags about the content.

Who can create a lens?

Any individual member, a community, or a respected organization.

What are tags? tag icon

Tags are descriptors added by lens makers to help label content, attaching a vocabulary that is meaningful in the context of the lens.

| External bookmarks

Module to:

My Favorites (?)

'My Favorites' is a special kind of lens which you can use to bookmark modules and collections. 'My Favorites' can only be seen by you, and collections saved in 'My Favorites' can remember the last module you were on. You need an account to use 'My Favorites'.

| A lens I own (?)

Definition of a lens

Lenses

A lens is a custom view of the content in the repository. You can think of it as a fancy kind of list that will let you see content through the eyes of organizations and people you trust.

What is in a lens?

Lens makers point to materials (modules and collections), creating a guide that includes their own comments and descriptive tags about the content.

Who can create a lens?

Any individual member, a community, or a respected organization.

What are tags? tag icon

Tags are descriptors added by lens makers to help label content, attaching a vocabulary that is meaningful in the context of the lens.

| External bookmarks