Ultraklank is klank met ’n frekwensie van hoër as 20 kHz. Sommige diere, soos honde, dolfyne en vlermuise, het ’n bo-grens hoër as dié van die menslike oor en hul kan ultraklank hoor.
Die mees algemene gebruik van ultraklank is om beelde mee te skep wat industriële en mediese toepassings het. Die gebruik van ultraklank om beelde mee te skep is gebaseer op die refleksie en deurstuur van ’n golf by ’n grens. Soos ’n ultraklank golf binne ’n voorwerp beweeg wat uit verskillende materiale bestaan, soos die liggaam, sal grense bereik word, byvoorbeeld tussen been en spiere, spiere en vet, elke keer word ’n deel daarvan gereflekteer en ’n ander word deurgestuur. Gereflekteerde strale word bespeur en word gebruik om ’n beeld van die objek te skep.
Ultrasound in medicine can visualise muscle and soft tissue, making them useful for scanning the organs, and is commonly used during pregnancy. Ultrasound is a safe, non-invasive method of looking inside the human body.
Ultrasound sources may be used to generate local heating in biological tissue, with applications in physical therapy and cancer treatment. Focussed ultrasound sources may be used to break up kidney stones.
Ultrasonic cleaners, sometimes called supersonic cleaners, are used at frequencies from 20-40 kHz for jewellery, lenses and other optical parts, watches, dental instruments, surgical instruments and industrial parts. These cleaners consist of containers with a fluid in which the object to be cleaned is placed. Ultrasonic waves are then sent into the fluid. The main mechanism for cleaning action in an ultrasonic cleaner is actually the energy released from the collapse of millions of microscopic bubbles occurring in the liquid of the cleaner.
Ultrasound generator/speaker systems are sold with claims that they frighten away rodents and insects, but there is no scientific evidence that the devices work; controlled tests have shown that rodents quickly learn that the speakers are harmless.
In echo-sounding the reflections from ultrasound pulses that are bounced off objects (for example the bottom of the sea, fish etc.) are picked up. The reflections are timed and since their speed is known, the distance to the object can be found. This information can be built into a picture of the object that reflects the ultrasound pulses.